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Vertical Transmission of HIV and Therapeutic Interventions

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Book cover Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in HIV/AIDS Therapy

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

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Abstract

More than 20 yr into the HIV/AIDS pandemic, both prevalence and incidence rates continue to climb steadily—in some regions more rapidly than in others. As of the end of 2004, The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS reported the total number of adults and children living with HIV/AIDS worldwide was 38 million people; of whom, 17 million were women and 2.1 million were children younger than 15 yr of age. In 2003 alone, there were an estimated 4.8 million new infections, and, of these, 48% were in women and 19% were in children (1 . The burden of HIV disease falls disproportionately on the developing world, which is home to more than 95% of individuals infected with HIV. The situation is most bleak in the sub-Saharan African region, where 25 million of the 38 million global HIV infections are estimated to have occurred. In 2003, Africa saw 2.2 million deaths from AIDS (1 . Antenatal sentinel data indicate a contiguous belt in sub-Saharan Africa, stretching from Uganda southwards toward Botswana and South Africa, in which HIV prevalence rates are far higher than any other region. In the socalled HIV belt, the proportion of the (urban) population infected with HIV is between 15 and 30%, with significant urban-rural differentials (2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Immunology Center, The Miriam Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI

    Susan Cu-Uvin (Associate Professor, obstetrics-Gynecology and Medicine; Director)

  2. Department obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ

    Arlene Bardeguez (Professor, Director HIV Services)

  3. Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Brown Medical School, 0, Rhode Island

    Carla Chibwesha

Authors
  1. Susan Cu-Uvin
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  2. Arlene Bardeguez
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  3. Carla Chibwesha
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health, USA

    Vassil St.Georgiev

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI

    Gail Skowron MD (Chief) (Chief)

  3. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA

    Gail Skowron MD (Chief) (Chief)

  4. Pfizer Inc., San Diego, CA

    Richard Ogden PhD

  5. Center for Poverty-Related Communicable Diseases Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Joep M. A. Lange MD, PhD (Professor of Medicine) (Professor of Medicine)

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Cu-Uvin, S., Bardeguez, A., Chibwesha, C. (2006). Vertical Transmission of HIV and Therapeutic Interventions. In: St.Georgiev, V., Skowron, G., Ogden, R., Lange, J.M.A. (eds) Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in HIV/AIDS Therapy. Infectious Disease. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-085-0_15

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