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Role of TGF-β in Tumor Progression and Metastasis

  • Chapter
Cancer Drug Resistance

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

The development of cancer has been shown to occur through a process of malignant transformation that involves a series of genetic changes that provide a selective advantage over normal cells, and research over the past few decades has identified numerous genes and pathways involved in all stages of tumor progression. These genetic changes invariably disrupt fundamental cellular processes controlling proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and genome stability, and it is the combinatorial effect of these genetic changes that result in malignant transformation. Proliferating hematopoietic and epithelial cell populations are particularly susceptible to accumulation of a series of genetic changes required for full-blown malignancy, and nearly 90% of all human solid tumors arise from epithelial cells. The majority of patients who succumb to cancer die as a result of metastatic disease progression rather than from the primary tumor. The process of metastasis is extremely complex, and involves many steps including dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor through the vascular and lymphatic system coupled with the ability to colonize selectively distant tissues and organs. The pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor-β and its signaling effectors have been shown to be involved at numerous steps in the development of cancer. The role of transforming growth factor-β signaling in cancer is complex, with biphasic functions as a tumor suppressor in normal tissue and early-stage lesions and as a prometastatic agent in latestage disease.

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Pinkas, J., Teicher, B.A. (2006). Role of TGF-β in Tumor Progression and Metastasis. In: Teicher, B.A. (eds) Cancer Drug Resistance. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-035-5_25

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