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The Obesity Epidemic

Implications for Eye Health

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Handbook of Nutrition and Ophthalmology

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Abstract

The global epidemic of obesity is likely to have long-term and egregious consequences for eye health through different biological pathways and eye diseases. Obesity leads to an increased risk of diabetes, and in turn, diabetes is associated with diabetic retinopathy and an increased risk of cataract. Diabetic retinopathy is becoming the next big “epidemic” of eye disease. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and atherosclerosis, and there is likely to be an associated increased risk of retinal vascular disease. Obesity may possibly increase the risk of age-related macular degeneration, as obesity is associated with relatively low plasma lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations and higher levels of inflammation. Obesity is also associated with an increased risk of cataract among individuals without diabetes, although the causal link has not yet been elucidated. As emphasized in this chapter, the long-term prevention of obesity-related eye disease must focus on the childhood period, as childhood obesity is an extremely strong predictor of adult obesity and diabetes.

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(2007). The Obesity Epidemic. In: Handbook of Nutrition and Ophthalmology. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-979-0_4

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