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Calcium in Human Health pp 387–400Cite as

Calcium, Vitamin D, and Cancer

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Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Colorectal carcinoma is a common cancer in the Western world. It vies to be the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and affects both men and women equally. This cancer arises from many interactions that involve hereditary and environmental influences (1). Colorectal cancer does not develop abruptly de novo, but progresses through a series of anatomical and physiological changes (2). Thus, early in this process, changes in epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation occur while the mucosa appears grossly normal; this is followed by the development of aberrant crypt foci, adenomatous polyps, cancer in polyps, and then frank carcinoma (3). The process of a normal epithelium changing to an adenoma and cancer takes a considerable amount of time, probably 5–10 yr for adenoma formation and perhaps another 10 yr for the development of cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Strang Cancer Research Laboratory, Rockefeller University, USA

    Peter R. Holt MD (Professor)

  2. Medicine (Emeritus), Columbia University, New York, NY

    Peter R. Holt MD (Professor)

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

    Connie M. Weaver PhD

  2. Creighton University, Omaha, NE

    Robert P. Heaney MD (John A. Creighton University Professor) (John A. Creighton University Professor)

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Holt, P.R. (2006). Calcium, Vitamin D, and Cancer. In: Weaver, C.M., Heaney, R.P. (eds) Calcium in Human Health. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-961-5_25

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