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Positron Emission Tomography and Embryonic Dopamine Cell Transplantation in Parkinson’s Disease

  • Chapter
Bioimaging in Neurodegeneration

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common movement disorder marked by progressive degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and striatum. The hallmark of motor symptoms in PD includes the resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and posture instability. Medical therapy to replace lost DA works well initially but becomes ineffective and less tolerated over time. The chronic use of dopaminergic medications leads to motor fluctuations and dyskinesias in patients at more advanced stages. The transplantation of viable DA tissue into the brain is a promising new treatment to reinnervate neurons along the nigrostriatal pathway. In patients with PD, cell survival and clinical benefit have been observed after fetal nigral grafting. Position emission tomography allows in vivo imaging of neuropathophysiology resulting from dopaminergic dysfunction that is inherent in PD by measuring cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and neuroreceptor binding. It offers a unique window for assessing the functional recovery of the brain and its clinical correlation after medical or surgical interventions. In this chapter, we describe the use of positron emission tomography in providing sensitive biomarkers in PD and its application in evaluating the surgical outcome of embryonic DA cell transplantation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurosciences, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Research Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY

    Yilong Ma PhD, Vijay Dhawan PhD & David Eidelberg MD

  2. Neuroscience Center and Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO

    Curt Freed MD

  3. Department of Neurology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY

    Stanley Fahn MD

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  1. Yilong Ma PhD
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  2. Vijay Dhawan PhD
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  3. Curt Freed MD
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  4. Stanley Fahn MD
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  5. David Eidelberg MD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, City University of New York Medical School, New York, NY

    Patricia A. Broderick PhD

  2. Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY

    Patricia A. Broderick PhD  & Edwin H. Kolodny MD  & 

  3. NYU Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York, NY

    Patricia A. Broderick PhD

  4. Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY

    David N. Rahni PhD

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Ma, Y., Dhawan, V., Freed, C., Fahn, S., Eidelberg, D. (2005). Positron Emission Tomography and Embryonic Dopamine Cell Transplantation in Parkinson’s Disease. In: Broderick, P.A., Rahni, D.N., Kolodny, E.H. (eds) Bioimaging in Neurodegeneration. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-888-5_5

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