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Cancer Therapeutic Applications of Ribozymes and RNAi

  • Chapter
Cancer Gene Therapy

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cancer Research ((CCR))

Abstract

Ribozymes are ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules capable of acting as enzymes even in the complete absence of proteins. They have the catalytic activity of breaking and/or forming covalent bonds with extraordinary specificity, accelerating the rate of these reactions. The ability of RNA to serve as a catalyst was first shown for the self-splicing group I intron of Tetrahymena and the RNA moiety of RNAse P (1–3). Subsequent to the discovery of these two RNA enzymes, RNA-mediated catalysis has been associated with the self-splicing group II introns of yeast, fungal, and plant mitochondria (as well as chloroplasts) (4); single-stranded plant viroid and virusoid RNAs (5–7); hepatitis delta virus (8); and a satellite RNA from Neurospora mitochondria (9). It is rather clear that the RNA component of the larger ribosomal subunit is functioning as a peptidyltransferase as well (10–13). The potential functioning of spliceosomal smaller nuclear (sn)RNAs as a ribozyme in complex with the premessenger RNA (pre-mRNA) to catalyze pre-mRNA splicing has also been proposed (14). It is highly likely that additional RNA catalytic motifs and new roles for RNA-mediated catalysis will also be found as more is learned about the genomes of a variety of organisms.

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  1. Division of Molecular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA

    Lisa Scherer & John J. Rossi

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  1. Lisa Scherer
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Human Gene Therapy, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

    David T. Curiel MD, PhD  & Joanne T. Douglas PhD  & 

  2. Division of Human Gene Therapy, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

    David T. Curiel MD, PhD  & Joanne T. Douglas PhD  & 

  3. Division of Human Gene Therapy, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

    David T. Curiel MD, PhD  & Joanne T. Douglas PhD  & 

  4. Division of Human Gene Therapy, Department of Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

    David T. Curiel MD, PhD  & Joanne T. Douglas PhD  & 

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© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Scherer, L., Rossi, J.J. (2005). Cancer Therapeutic Applications of Ribozymes and RNAi. In: Curiel, D.T., Douglas, J.T. (eds) Cancer Gene Therapy. Contemporary Cancer Research. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-785-7_5

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