Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and a major cause of stroke (1). If diabetes were eliminated, 21% of strokes could be prevented (2). Diabetics have both micro- and macrovascular changes caused by thickening of the basement membrane and artherosclerosis (3) Coronary heart disease, more prevalent in the diabetic population, results in arrhythmias and ischemic cardiomyopathy, predisposing to cardioembolism. Diabetics also demonstrate hypercoagulability with increased levels of factors V and VII and fibrinogen as well as accentuated platelet aggregation and adhesion (4). Endothelial damage related to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increased oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia contribute to vascular remodeling and atherogenesis (5). Consequently, diabetics are at least at twice the risk of the general population to develop arterial hypertension, cardiac disease, and ischemic cerebrovascular disease (4,6).
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© 2004 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
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Wormack, M., Buonanno, F.S. (2004). Diabetes. In: Furie, K.L., Kelly, P.J. (eds) Handbook of Stroke Prevention in Clinical Practice. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-769-7_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-769-7_5
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9856-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-769-7
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