Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Cancer Chemoprevention pp 315–322Cite as

Bladder Cancer

Clinical Strategies for Cancer Chemoprevention

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

Abstract

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common noncutaneous malignancy in men and the ninth most common in women in the United States (1). The incidence in men is three to four times that seen in women. There is considerable evidence that bladder cancer is carcinogen-induced. However, the interval between carcinogen exposure and development of clinically evident bladder cancer can be 20 yr or more (2). The major risk factor for bladder cancer is cigarette smoking. Epidemiologic studies have estimated that almost half of all bladder cancers are a result of tobacco use (3).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2002;52:23–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Miyakawa M, Tachibana M, Miyakawa A, et al. Re-evaluation of the latent period of bladder cancer in dyestuff-plant workers in Japan. Int J Urol 2001;8:423–430.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Marcus PM, Vineis P, Rothman N. NAT2 slow acetylation and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 22 case-control studies conducted in the general population. Pharmacogenetics 2000;10:115–122.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bastacky S, Ibrahim S, Wilczynski SP, Murphy WM. The accuracy of urinary cytology in daily practice. Cancer 1999;87:118–128.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Zaak D, Frimberger D, Stepp H, et al. Quantification of 5-aminolevulinic acid induced fluorescence improves the specificity of bladder cancer detection. J Urol 2001;166: 1665–1668.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Grossman HB. Superficial bladder cancer: decreasing the risk of recurrence. Oncology 1996;10:1617–1624.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Cheng L, Gu J, Ulbright TM, et al. Precise microdissection of human bladder carcinomas reveals divergent tumor subclones in the same tumor. Cancer 2002;94:104–110.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Paiss T, Wohr G, Hautmann RE, et al. Some tumors of the bladder are polyclonal in origin. J Urol 2002;167:718–723.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pitard A, Brennan P, Clavel J, et al. Cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking and bladder cancer risk in European men. Cancer Causes Control 2001;12:551–556.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Marcus PM, Hayes RB, Vineis P, et al. Cigarette smoking, N-acetyltransferase 2 acetylation status, and bladder cancer risk: a case-series meta-analysis of a gene-environment interaction. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000;9: 461–467.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Brockmoller J, Cascorbi I, Kerb R, Roots I. Combined analysis of inherited polymorphisms in arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2, glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, and cytochrome P450 enzymes as modulators of bladder cancer risk. Cancer Res 1996;56: 3915–3925.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Castelao JE, Yuan JM, Skipper PL, et al. Gender-and smoking-related bladder cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:538–545.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Brennan P, Bogillot O, Cordier S, et al. Cigarette smoking and bladder cancer in men: a pooled analysis of 11 case-control studies. Int J Cancer 2000;86:289–294.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Fleshner N, Garland J, Moadel A, et al. Influence of smoking status on the disease-related outcomes of patients with tobacco-associated superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Cancer 1999;86:2337–2345.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Negri E, La Vecchia C. Epidemiology and prevention of bladder cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2001;10:7–14.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Michaud DS, Spiegelman D, Clinton SK, et al. Fluid intake and the risk of bladder cancer in men. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1390–1397.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Geoffroy-Perez B, Cordier S. Fluid consumption and the risk of bladder cancer: results of a multicenter case-control study. Int J Cancer 2001;93:880–887.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ward E, Halperin W, Thun M, et al. Screening workers exposed to 4,4′-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) for bladder cancer by cystoscopy. J Occup Med 1990;32:865–868.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hemstreet GP, Yin SN, Ma ZZ, et al. Biomarker risk assessment and bladder cancer detection in a cohort exposed to benzidine. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:427–436.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Gail MH. Applicability of sample size calculations based on a comparison of proportions for use with the logrank test. Control Clin Trials 1985;6:112–119.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Self SG. An adaptive weighted log-rank test with application to cancer prevention and screening trials. Biometrics 1991;47:975–986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Allard P, Bernard P, Fradet Y, Tetu B. The early clinical course of primary Ta and T1 bladder cancer: a proposed prognostic index. Br J Urol 1998;81:692–698.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Morgan JD, Bowsher W, Griffiths DF, Matthews PN. Rationalisation of follow-up in patients with non-invasive bladder tumours. A preliminary report. Br J Urol 1991;67: 158–161.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Sidransky D, Frost P, Von Eschenbach A, et al. Clonal origin bladder cancer. N Engl J Med 1992;326:737–740.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Simon R, Eltze E, Schafer KL, et al. Cytogenetic analysis of multifocal bladder cancer supports a monoclonal origin and intraepithelial spread of tumor cells. Cancer Res 2001;61: 355–362.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Heney NM, Ahmed S, Flanagan MJ, et al. Superficial bladder cancer: progression and recurrence. J Urol 1983;130: 1083–1086.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Grossman HB, Liebert M, Antelo M, et al. p53 and RB expression predict progression in T1 bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:829–834.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Lamm DL, Blumenstein BA, Crawford ED, et al. A randomized trial of intravesical doxorubicin and immunotherapy with bacille Calmette-Guerin for transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1205–1209.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Lamm DL, Blumenstein BA, Crawford ED, et al. Randomized intergroup comparison of bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy and mitomycin C chemotherapy prophylaxis in superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. A Southwest Oncology Group study. Urol Oncol 1995;1: 119–126.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lamm DL, Blumenstein BA, Crissman JD, et al. Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for recurrent Ta, T1 and carcinoma in situ transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a randomized Southwest Oncology Group study. J Urol 2000;163:1124–1129.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Herr HW, Schwalb DM, Zhang ZF, et al. Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy prevents tumor progression and death from superficial bladder cancer: ten-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 1995;13: 1404–1408.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Shelley MD, Kynaston H, Court J, et al. A systematic review of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus transurethral resection vs transurethral resection alone in Ta and T1 bladder cancer. BJU Int 2001;88:209–216.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Bubendorf L, Grilli B, Sauter G, et al. Multiprobe FISH for enhanced detection of bladder cancer in voided urine specimens and bladder washings. Am J Clin Pathol 2001;116: 79–86.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Schneider A, Borgnat S, Lang H, et al. Evaluation of microsatellite analysis in urine sediment for diagnosis of bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2000;60:4617–4622.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Lamm DL, Riggs DR, Shriver JS, et al. Megadose vitamins in bladder cancer: a double-blind clinical trial. J Urol 1994;151:21–26.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Studer UE, Jenzer S, Biedermann C, et al. Adjuvant treatment with a vitamin A analogue (etretinate) after transurethral resection of superficial bladder tumors. Final analysis of a prospective, randomized multicenter trial in Switzerland. Eur Urol 1995;28:284–290.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Decensi A, Bruno S, Costantini M, et al. Phase IIa study of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer, using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994;86:138–140.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Decensi A, Torrisi R, Bruno S, et al. Randomized trial of fenretinide in superficial bladder cancer using DNA flow cytometry as an intermediate end point. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000;9:1071–1078.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Pepe MS, Fleming TR. Weighted Kaplan-Meier statistics: a class of distance tests for censored survival data. Biometrics 1989;45:497–507.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Shen Y, Fleming TR. Weighted mean survival test statistics: a class of distance tests for censored survival data. J R Stat Soc [Ser B] 1997;59:269–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Wei LJ, Lin DY, Weissfeld L. Regression analysis of multivariate incomplete failure time data by modeling marginal distributions. J Am Stat Assoc 1989;84:1065–1073.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Hughes MD. Power considerations for clinical trials using multivariate time-to-event data. Stat Med 1997;16: 865–882.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Therneau TM, Hamilton SA. rhDNase as an example of recurrent event analysis. Stat Med 1997;16:2029–2047.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

    H. Barton Grossman MD

  2. Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

    Anita L. Sabichi MD

  3. Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

    Yu Shen PhD

Authors
  1. H. Barton Grossman MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anita L. Sabichi MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yu Shen PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biomedical Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

    Gary J. Kelloff MD

  2. Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

    Ernest T. Hawk MD, MPH

  3. CCS Associates, Mountain View, CA

    Caroline C. Sigman PhD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Grossman, H.B., Sabichi, A.L., Shen, Y. (2005). Bladder Cancer. In: Kelloff, G.J., Hawk, E.T., Sigman, C.C. (eds) Cancer Chemoprevention. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-768-0_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-768-0_24

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-077-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-768-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation