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Lung Cancer and Immune Dysfunction

  • Chapter
Cancer Immunotherapy at the Crossroads

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Oncology ((CCO))

Abstract

Lung cancer accounts for more than 28% of all cancer deaths each year, and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States (1). Despite focused research in conventional therapies, the 5-year survival rate remains at 14%, and has improved only minimally in the past 25 years. Newly discovered molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of lung cancer provide novel opportunities for targeted therapies of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2,3). Immune-based targeted therapies have focused on the elicitation of specific tumor antigen-directed responses. Although various methods of immune stimulation have been attempted for the treatment of lung cancer, none have proven to be reliably effective (4). In contrast, immune-based therapies have proven more successful in melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (5,6),leading to the misconception that thoracic malignancies are nonimmunogenic and are not amenable to immunologic interventions. However, protective immunity is now known to be generated against non-immunogenic murine tumors (7,8). These studies suggest that a tumor’s apparent lack of immunogenicity indicates a failure to elicit an effective host response rather than a lack of tumor antigen (TA) expression (9,10). Accordingly, a new paradigm has emerged that focuses on generating antitumor responses by therapeutic vaccination (11,12). In this setting, vaccination refers to an intervention that unmasks TAs, leading to generation of specific host-immune responses against the tumor.

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Authors
  1. Steven M. Dubinett MD
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  2. Sherven Sharma PhD
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  3. Min Huang MD
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  4. Jenny T. Mao MD
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  5. Raj K. Batra MD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA

    James H. Finke PhD

  2. Experimental Therapeutics Program, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Ronald M. Bukowski MD

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© 2004 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Dubinett, S.M., Sharma, S., Huang, M., Mao, J.T., Batra, R.K. (2004). Lung Cancer and Immune Dysfunction. In: Finke, J.H., Bukowski, R.M. (eds) Cancer Immunotherapy at the Crossroads. Current Clinical Oncology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-743-7_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-743-7_18

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9844-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-743-7

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