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The Central Renin-Angiotensin System in Cardiovascular Regulation

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The Nervous System and the Heart

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Abstract

Angiotensin II (Ang II), the active component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), is one of the most important hormones involved in the regulation of body fluid and cardiovascular homeostasis (1). The rate-limiting step in the synthesis of Ang II is the release of the enzyme renin from the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney. Renin is an aspartyl protease composed of two polypeptide chains linked by disulfide bridges (2), which produces a conformation similar to that of other proteases. Prorenin, which is a 47-kDa protein, is released in a constitutive fashion directly from the Golgi apparatus or may also be packaged into mature granules and released from the kidney in a regulated pathway as the active 41-kDa protein renin. The concentration of prorenin in plasma is approximately 10 times greater than renin. Conversion to the active enzyme requires the removal of 46 amino acids from the N-terminus of the enzyme. The protease responsible for this cleavage in vivo is unknown but has been proposed to be cathepsin B, because this enzyme is colocalized with renin in both immature and mature secretory granules (3,4).

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Authors
  1. Lawrence P. Reagan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Gert J. Ter Horst PhD

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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Reagan, L.P. (2000). The Central Renin-Angiotensin System in Cardiovascular Regulation. In: Ter Horst, G.J. (eds) The Nervous System and the Heart. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-713-0_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-713-0_11

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-139-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-713-0

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