Abstract
When conventional external-beam irradiation (EBRT) alone was given in an attempt for preservation of bladder and potential cure in operable or inoperable patients, the local bladder cancer was permanently eradicated in <50% of patients (1-3). Radical cystectomy, when combined with preoperative EBRT, eradicated pelvic tumor permanently in 75–90% of patients with invasive cancer (1,4–6).
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Calvo, F.A., Zincke, H., Gunderson, L.L., Aristu, J., Gerard, J.P., Berian, J.M. (1999). Genitourinary IORT. In: Gunderson, L.L., Willet, C.G., Harrison, L.B., Calvo, F.A. (eds) Intraoperative Irradiation. Current Clinical Oncology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-696-6_23
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-696-6_23
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