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Pox Viral Vaccines

  • Chapter
Handbook of Cancer Vaccines

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are by definition either weakly immunogenic or functionally nonimmunogenic. Vaccine strategies must be developed in which the presentation of these TAAs to the immune system results in far greater activation of T cells than is being achieved naturally in the host. One approach to create an inflammatory milieu designed to trigger a robust immune response to TAAs involves the use of recombinant viral vectors to deliver the appropriate genetic material. Though several viral vector platforms are currently being evaluated, the pox virus family of vectors possesses several properties that make these vectors extremely attractive for use in anticancer vaccines. These include: a) the capacity to integrate the entire tumor antigen gene, parts of that gene, and/or multiple genes (including genes for costimulatory molecules and cytokines), b) the ability to infect antigen-presenting cells (APCs) allowing them to process the antigens, and c) the relative low cost. The ability to incorporate multiple transgenes within one vector is unique to these large virions, and allows for potential synergy of the incorporated gene products. This chapter will provide some insight into the strengths and weaknesses of pox viral vaccines, as well as the preclinical studies and early clinical trials of pox viral vaccine strategies for cancer therapy.

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Authors
  1. James L. Gulley MD, PhD
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  2. Philip M. Arlen MD
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  3. Jeffrey Schlom PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

    Michael A. Morse MD , Timothy M. Clay PhD  & H. Kim Lyerly MD ,  & 

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Gulley, J.L., Arlen, P.M., Schlom, J. (2004). Pox Viral Vaccines. In: Morse, M.A., Clay, T.M., Lyerly, H.K. (eds) Handbook of Cancer Vaccines. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-680-5_13

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