Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nutrition and Diet Therapy in the Neurosciences Critical Care Unit

  • Chapter
Critical Care Neurology and Neurosurgery

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

  • 311 Accesses

Abstract

Nutritional status reflects the extent to which the individual’s physiologic needs are met. There needs to be a balance between nutrient intake and nutrient requirements. Nutrition is a significant issue in the source and control of several major clinical outcomes resulting in death or disabilities. Malnutrition is a common accompaniment to the stress of illness among hospitalized patients which contributes to mortality and morbidity. When recognized it is reversible, although it is often not identified. The incidence of untreated malnutrition in hospitalized patients was described more than 25 years ago. Since then, others have reported the occurrence of malnutrition in this patient population with varying degree depending on the circumstances and computations used (1–6).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Barrocas A, Belchar D. Nutrition assessment practical approaches. Nutr. Aging Age Dependent Dis. 1995; 11: 675–713.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Blackburn GL, Ahmad A. Skeleton in the hospital closet—then and now. Suppl. Nutr. 1995; 11: 193–195.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Blackburn GL, Bistrian BR, Maine BS Schlamm HT, Smith MF. Nutritional and metabolic assessment of the hospitalized patient. JPEN 1977; 1: 11–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Butterworth C. The skeleton in the hospital closet. Nutr. Today 1974; 9: 4–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cheever KH. Early enteral feeding of patients with multiple trauma. Crit. Care Nurse 1999; 19: 40–51.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mahan K, Escott-Stump S. Krause’s Food, Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 10th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Jones JS, Tidwell B, et al. Nutrition support of the hospitalized patient: a team approach. J. Miss. State Med. Assoc. 1995; 36: 91–99.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hunt DR, Maslovetz A, Rowlands BJ, Brooks B. A simple nutrition screening procedure for hospital patients. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1985; 85: 332–335.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. McMahon K, Brown JK. Nutritional screening and assessment. Semin. Oncol. Nurs. 2000; 16: 106–112.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Moore MC. Nutritional Care: Pocket Guide Series, 4th ed. St Louis: Mosby, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  11. De Jonghe B, et al. A prospective survey of nutritional support practice in intensive care unit patients: What is prescribed? What is delivered? Crit. Care Med. 2001; 29: 8–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Corish CA. Symposium on nutrition and surgical practice—preoperative nutritional assessment. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 1999; 58: 821–829.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lipkin EW, Bell S. Assessment of nutritional status—The clinician’s perspective. Clin. Lab. Med. 1993; 13: 329–352.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. The American Dietetic Association. Handbook of Clinical Dietetics, 2nd ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Clifton GL, Robertson CS, Constant CF. Enteral hyperalimentation in head injury. J. Neurosurg. 1985; 62: 186–193.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Konstantinides FN. Nitrogen balance studies in clinical nutrition. NCP 1992; 7: 231–238.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Matarese LE, Gottschlich MM. Contemporary Nutrition Support Practice —A Clinical Guide. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Detsky AS, McLaughlin JR, Baker JP, et al. What is subjective global assessment? Parent. Ent. Nutr. 1987; 11: 8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Trujillo EB, Robinson MK, Jacobs DO. Nutritional assessment in the critically ill. Crit. Care Nurse 1999; 19: 67–78.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. The American Dietetic Association, CD-HCF/DDP. Pocket Resource for Nutrition Assessment. Chicago: American Dietetic Association Practice Group, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Halpern S. Quick Reference to Clinical Nutrition: A Guide for Physicians, 2nd ed. Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Gottschlich MM, Matarese LE, Shrouts EP, eds. Nutrition Support Dietetics-Core Curriculum, 2nd ed. Gaithersburg, MD: ASPEN (American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition), 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  23. The American Dietetic Association. Manual of Clinical Dietetics, 4th ed. Chicago: Library of Congress, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Matarese E. Indirect calorimetry. JADA 1997; 97: S154–S160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Guidelines for the use of parenteral and enteral nutrition in adult and pediatric patients. JPEN 1993;17(1 suppl).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Skipper A (ed). Dietitian’s Handbook of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition, 2nd ed. Gaithersburg, MD: ASPEN (American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition), 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Gottschlich MM, Fuhrman MP, Hammond KA, et al. (eds). The Science and Practice of Nutrition Support-A Case Based Core Curriculum. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kocan MJ, Hickisch SM. A comparison of continuous and intermittent enteral nutrition in NICU patients. J. Neurosci. Nurs. 1986; 18: 333–337.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Merritt RJ, et al. The ASPEN Nutrition Support Practice Manual. Gaithersburg, MD: ASPEN (American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition ), 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Nutrition Subcommittee of the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Guidelines for Nutrition Support of the Adult Patient. University Hospitals Health Systems. Cleveland: Mead Johnson Nutritionals, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Suchner U, Senftleben U, et al. Enteral versus parenteral nutrition: Effects on gastrointestinal function and metabolism. Nutrition 1996; 12: 13–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. University Hospitals of Cleveland. Department of Nutrition Services. Guidelines for Standards of Nutrition Care Manual. Guidelines for Nutritional Screening; Nutritional Plan of Care, Nutrition Assessment. Chapter 3, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  33. University Hospitals of Cleveland Department of Nutrition Sources Policy and Procedure Manual. Chapter 8: 1–3, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, HO, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Barton RG. Nutrition support in critical illness. Nutr. Clin. Pract. 1994; 9: 127–139.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Rombeau JL, Rolandelli RH. Clinical Nutrition: Enteral and Tube Feeding, 3rd ed, Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Rombeau JL, Rolandelli RH. Clinical Nutrition: Parenteral Nutrition, 3rd ed, Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Sunderland PM, Heilbrun MP. Estimating energy expenditure in traumatic brain injury: comparison of indirect calorimetry with predictive formulas. Neurosurgery 1992; 31: 246–253.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Pepe JL, Barba CA. The metabolic response to acute traumatic brain injury and implications for nutrition support. J. Head Trauma Rehabil. 1999; 14: 462–474.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Rosa AM, Shizgal HM. The Harris Benedict equation reevaluated: resting energy requirements and the body cell mass. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1984; 40: 168–182.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Norton JA, Ott LG, et al. Intolerance to enteral feeding in the brain-injured patient. J. Neurosurg. 1988; 68: 62–66.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Stechmiller J, Treloar DM, Derrico D, Yarandi H, Guin P. Interruption of enteral feedings in head injured patients. J. Neurosci. Nur. 1994; 26: 224–229.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Phang PT, Aeberhardt LE. Effect of nutritional support on routine nutrition assessment parameters and body composition in intensive care unit patients. Can. J. Surg. 1996; 39: 212–219.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Millinger LA, et al. Daily energy expenditure and basal metabolic rates of patients with spinal cord injury. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 1985; 66: 420.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Gariballa SE, Sinclair AJ. Assessment and treatment of nutritional status in stroke patients. Post. Grad. Med. J. 1998; 74: 395–399.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Hayes JC. Current feeding policies for patients with stroke. Br. J. Nurs. 1998; 7: 580–588.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Kasarskis EJ, Neville HE. Management of ALS. Neurology 1996;47:S 1 18–S 120.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Lo B, Dornbrand L. Sounding board: guiding the hand that feeds—caring for the demented elderly. N. Engl. J. Med. 1984; 311: 402–404.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Waxman MJ, Durfee D, et al. Nutritional aspects and swallowing function of patients with parkinson’s disease Nutr. Clin. Pract. 1990; 5: 196–199.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Strand EA, Miller RM, Yorkston KM, Hillel AD. Management of oral—pharyngeal dysphagia symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Dysphagia 1996; 11: 129–139.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Nancy A. Newman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurosciences Critical Care, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Jose I. Suarez MD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Newman, N.A. (2004). Nutrition and Diet Therapy in the Neurosciences Critical Care Unit. In: Suarez, J.I. (eds) Critical Care Neurology and Neurosurgery. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-660-7_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-660-7_14

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-350-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-660-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation