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Gender Bias

Is It Real and How Does It Affect Diagnosis, Management, and Outcome?

  • Chapter
Coronary Disease in Women

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cardiology ((CONCARD))

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Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) continues to be a dominant cause of mortality in the United States, claiming 500,000 lives of both sexes annually (1). Since the 1980s, the cardiovascular mortality rate in women has remained static, despite the relative decline in cardiovascular mortality in men (1). Several factors may account for this difference in outcome, including differences in risk factor profiles (especially smoking) and the biology of coronary artery disease (CAD; especially older age occurrence in women vs men). Another explanation might be the presence of gender differences in the diagnosis and management of CHD (2), such that coronary disease is underdiagnosed and undertreated in women in comparison to men (3,4).

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Authors
  1. Thomas H. Marwick MD, PhD, FRACP, FACC
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  2. Jonathan Chan MBBS
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Outcomes Research, American Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Leslee J. Shaw PhD

  2. Division of Cardiology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Rita F. Redberg MD, FACC

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© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Marwick, T.H., Chan, J. (2004). Gender Bias. In: Shaw, L.J., Redberg, R.F. (eds) Coronary Disease in Women. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-645-4_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-645-4_22

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-275-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-645-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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