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Neurotoxiciy of NMDA Receptor Antagonists

  • Chapter
Highly Selective Neurotoxins

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

Abstract

Glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system, is also suggested to be the primary mediator of neurodegeneration in several neuropathological conditions ranging from acute stroke and epilepsy to chronic disorders, e.g., Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s chorea (1–3). These neurotoxic effects of glutamate are thought to be mediated via the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtypes of glutamate receptors. In the presence of excessive amounts of glutamate, the NMDA channel remains open and allows extracellular calcium to enter the cells (4). Increased intracellular free calcium in turn triggers a broad spectrum of metabolic and ionic events, which, if uncontrolled, result in irreversible neuronal injury and death (5). Therefore, it is important to develop strategies to block the excessive activation of NMDA receptors.

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Authors
  1. Sunita Rajdev
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  2. Frank R. Sharp
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  1. Department of Pharmacology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA

    Richard M. Kostrzewa

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Rajdev, S., Sharp, F.R. (1998). Neurotoxiciy of NMDA Receptor Antagonists. In: Kostrzewa, R.M. (eds) Highly Selective Neurotoxins. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-477-1_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-477-1_14

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