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Functional NMDA Antagonists

A New Class of Antidepressant Agents

  • Chapter
Antidepressants

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

Abstract

One of the most intriguing phenomena in the pharmacological treatment of affective disorders is the availability of a wide variety of antidepressant drugs with no apparent structural relationship, but possessing similar clinical efficacies. Despite the similarity in therapeutic outcome, in vitro studies suggest that each class of antidepressant drugs predominantly modulates different neurotransmitters via either enzyme or reuptake inhibition. These effects can be either selective (i.e., restricted to a particular transmitter or isozyme) or nonselective (exemplified by tricyclic antidepressants [TCAs] and first generation monoamine oxidase inhibitors [MAOIs]). The increased synaptic availability of neurotransmitter evoked by reuptake or enzyme inhibition has generally been considered to be responsible for the therapeutic effects of the various antidepressant drugs. However, it has long been recognized that a serious drawback of this hypothesis is the observation that neurotransmitter receptor agonists, which selectively bind at either postsynaptic catecholamine or indoleamine receptors, are generally devoid of significant antidepressant effects. This implies that the neurochemical processes of antidepressant drug action are more likely to be related to mechanisms that induce permanent molecular and cellular changes in neural function, rather than with specific modifications of synaptic activity (1).

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  1. Ramon Trullas
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  1. Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Phil Skolnick

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Trullas, R. (1997). Functional NMDA Antagonists. In: Skolnick, P. (eds) Antidepressants. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-474-0_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-474-0_6

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