Abstract
There is general agreement among nursing theorists that the root concepts of nursing are: nursing, health, person, and environment or society.1 These concepts, together, comprise the metaparadigm of nursing and identify its distinctive scientific focus. In contrast, the metaparadigm concepts of medicine are: physician, pathophysiology, person, and society or environment. Every theory or model of nursing or of medicine will incorporate and define the profession’s metaparadigm concepts and their linkages. Thus, although theories of medicine will differ among themselves, and theories of nursing will likewise differ, they will remain theories of medicine or nursing, by virtue of their incorporation of all of the particular root concepts of the profession.
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Notes And References
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lbid.
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Fry, S. T. (1987) Autonomy, Advocacy, and Accountability: Ethics at the Bedside, Ethics at the Bedside (M. Fowler and J. Levine—Ariff, eds.) Philadelphia, Lippincott, pp. 39–50. I am indebted to Dr. Fry for her typology of models of advocacy.
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Ibid.
ANA, Social Policy Statement, p. 6.
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Fowler, M.D.M. (1988). The Nurse’s Role. In: Humber, J.M., Almeder, R.F. (eds) Biomedical Ethics Reviews · 1987. Biomedical Ethics Reviews. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-442-9_6
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