Abstract
It has been realized for decades that in humans and higher vertebrates there are, in addition to the adaptive immune system, accessory mechanisms and systems that contribute to overall immune defense against infectious organisms. They have been grouped under the heading “natural” or “innate” immunity. They include the reticuloendothelial system comprising “fixed” and “mobile” (circulating) monocytes (Mo’s) and macrophages (MPs), polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells (especially neutrophils and eosinophils that can discharge antimicrobial peptides such as defensins), natural killer (NK) and other “naturally cytotoxic” (NC) cells, and the complement (C) system; all of which have been preserved and handed down during the evolution of higher vertebrates from primitive vertebrates and invertebrates.
If an experiment does not hold out the possibility of causing one to revise one’s views, it is hard to see why it should be done at all.
—Peter Medawar, Advice to a Young Scientist
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Albright, J.F., Albright, J.W. (2003). Senescence of Natural/Innate Resistance to Infection. In: Aging, Immunity, and Infection. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-402-3_3
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