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Social Drinking and Aggression

  • Chapter
Neurobiology of Aggression

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

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Abstract

Alcohol has effects that people find positive or desirable. In fact, it is the number one drug of choice in many societies (Heather, 2001). However, alcohol also has effects that are seen as negative or undesirable by individuals and by society in general. One such effect is the role alcohol plays in aggressive behavior. For example, in the United States, 30–40% of violent crimes committed in the years 1993–1998 involved an offender who had consumed alcohol prior to the crime (Greenfield and Henneberg, 2000). Although this does not mean that alcohol “caused” the crime, cross-cultural analyses show a greater than chance involvement of alcohol in homicide and violent crime (Murdoch et al., 1990). Moreover, there is converging evidence that alcohol contributes to aggression and violence in a causal way. Time series analyses have found that alcohol consumption and violent crime tend to covary over time (Cook and Moore, 1993; Norström, 1998), and meta-analysis of experimental research on alcohol and aggression suggests a general increase in aggression after consuming alcohol, especially for men (Bushman, 1997; Bushman and Cooper, 1990). Despite the strong links between alcohol and aggression, however, it is clear that alcohol is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause aggression; that is, aggression occurs without alcohol, and alcohol consumption occurs without aggression. In particular, whether drinking leads to aggression is a function of the combination of the effects of alcohol, the characteristics of the drinker, and the environmental constraints and pressures relating to aggression, including cultural factors such as drinking patterns (Rossow, 2001; see also Room and Rossow, 2000) and norms regarding appropriate drinking behavior (MacAndrew and Edgerton, 1969).

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Authors
  1. Kathryn Graham
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Neurosciences, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Mark P. Mattson PhD

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Graham, K. (2003). Social Drinking and Aggression. In: Mattson, M.P. (eds) Neurobiology of Aggression. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-382-8_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-382-8_14

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-410-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-382-8

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