Abstract
Hormone replacement in hypogonadal women is a highly effective preventive health care measure. Estrogen replacement results in a nearly 50% reduction in the risks of vertebral and hip fractures and alleviates menopausal symptoms. Hypogonadal symptomatology such as hot flushes, irritability, anxiety, mood disturbances, loss of libido, and genitourinary atrophy are reduced and often alleviated by estrogen replacement. Numerous estrogen formulations and delivery systems are now available. Progestogens are utilized in women with a uterus to reduce the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. The role of androgens and phytoestrogens in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are noted. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation is reviewed. Risks and complications of HRT are outlined, including the potential risk of breast cancer, cardiovascular effects, and nuisance side effects. The expanding role of selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs) is highlighted.
Keywords
- Postmenopausal Woman
- Endometrial Cancer
- Hormone Replacement Therapy
- Obstet Gynecol
- Estrogen Replacement Therapy
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Watts, D.A., Sharp, H.T., Peterson, C.M. (2003). Primary and Secondary Hypogonadism in Women. In: Meikle, A.W. (eds) Endocrine Replacement Therapy in Clinical Practice. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-375-0_25
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