Abstract
A species is comprised of many populations of individuals who breed with each other, each with their own unique set of genes (or loci) and alleles. Even so, the population as a whole shares a pool of all genes and alleles. Evolution is the change of frequencies of alleles in the total gene pool. Some genotypes, such as those associated with rare and sometimes deadly human diseases, are important to understand from a population genetics perspective so that changes in the incidence of disease can be predicted. Most individuals do not carry the genotypes that cause an extreme phenotype (or trait), but of the ones that do carry these rare genotypes or combination of genotypes, their phenotype varies greatly from the average person in the population.
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Barnholtz-Sloan, J.S. (2003). Population Genetics. In: Krawetz, S.A., Womble, D.D. (eds) Introduction to Bioinformatics. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-335-4_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-335-4_12
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