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Integrating Cognition and Motivation into the Basal Ganglia Pathways of Action

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Mental and Behavioral Dysfunction in Movement Disorders

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Abstract

The involvement of the basal ganglia in motor control is well documented, particularly in its association with the neurological disorders, Parkinson’ s disease (PD) and Huntington’ s disease (HD). It is the dorsal basal ganglia that is most affected in these diseases. In contrast, the ventral basal ganglia (the ventral striatum [VS] and ventral pallidum [VP]) are associated with mental health problems including schizophrenia and drug abuse and addiction (1–5). Taken as a whole, the basal ganglia, both dorsal and ventral components, are involved in motor, cognitive, and limbic functions. These functions are thought to be contained in separate, segregated corticobasal ganglia circuits (6). However, although severe motoric dysfunctions are associated with the dorsal striatum, and cognitive, emotional, and motivational problems are associated with the VS diseases effecting these striatal regions often have a mixed set of dysfunctions (7–15). For example, often the earliest detectable symptoms in PD patients occur on cognitive tasks requiring attentional set-shifting and tasks requiring organizational skills and use of working memory. Thus, although different basal ganglia regions are involved in various functions, the basal ganglia as a whole operates in concert with cortex in mediating overall behavioral responses. This involves a complex coordination of motivational, cognitive, and motor elements.

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Authors
  1. Suzanne N. Haber PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada

    Marc-André Bédard MSc, PhD

  2. Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France

    Yves Agid MD, PhD

  3. Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

    Sylvain Chouinard MD  & Paul Lespérance MD, MSc  & 

  4. Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Stanley Fahn MD

  5. Tel-Aviv University Medical School, Tel-Aviv, Israel

    Amos D. Korczyn MD, MSc

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Haber, S.N. (2003). Integrating Cognition and Motivation into the Basal Ganglia Pathways of Action. In: Bédard, MA., Agid, Y., Chouinard, S., Fahn, S., Korczyn, A.D., Lespérance, P. (eds) Mental and Behavioral Dysfunction in Movement Disorders. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-326-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-326-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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