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Physiology of the Basal Ganglia and Pathophysiology of Movement Disorders

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Surgical Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease and Other Movement Disorders

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

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Abstract

Insights into the structure and function of the basal ganglia and their role in the pathophysiology of movement disorders resulted in the 1980s in the development of testable models of hypokinetic and hyperkinetic movement disorders. Further refinement in the 1990s resulted from continued research in animal models and the addition of physiological recordings of neuronal activity in humans undergoing functional neurosurgical procedures (1–7). These models have gained considerable practical value, guiding the development of new pharmacologic and surgical treatments, but, in their current form, more and more insufficiencies of these simplified schemes are becoming apparent. In the following chapter we discuss both models, as well as some of the most important criticisms.

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Authors
  1. Thomas Wichmann
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  2. Jerrold L. Vitek
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Daniel Tarsy MD

  2. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Jerrold L. Vitek MD, PhD

  3. Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Andres M. Lozano MD, PhD

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Wichmann, T., Vitek, J.L. (2003). Physiology of the Basal Ganglia and Pathophysiology of Movement Disorders. In: Tarsy, D., Vitek, J.L., Lozano, A.M. (eds) Surgical Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease and Other Movement Disorders. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-312-5_1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9736-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-312-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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