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Role of Glutamate in Alcohol Withdrawal Kindling

  • Chapter
Glutamate and Addiction

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

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Abstract

It is well known that continued excessive alcohol consumption can lead to the development of physiological dependence. When drinking is abruptly terminated or substantially reduced in the dependent individual, a characteristic withdrawal syndrome ensues. As with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, withdrawal symptoms associated with cessation of chronic alcohol use are opposite in nature to the effects of intoxication. Thus, clinical features of alcohol withdrawal include signs of heightened autonomic nervous system activation (e.g., tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, diaphoresis, tremor), CNS hyperexcitability that may culminate in motor seizures, and, in its most severe form, hallucinosis and delerium tremens (1–3). In addition to physical signs of withdrawal, a constellation of symptoms contributing to psychological discomfort (e.g., irritability, agitation, anxiety, dysphoria) constitute a significant component of the withdrawal syndrome (4–7). The overall intensity of the withdrawal syndrome is presumed to reflect the degree of physiological dependence developed during the course of chronic alcohol use/abuse.

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Authors
  1. Howard C. Becker PhD
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  2. Nicole Redmond PhD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Medical Branch, Division of Treatment Research and Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Barbara H. Herman PhD

  2. Pharmacology, Integrative & Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch (PICNRB), Division of Neuroscience & Behavioral Research (DNBR), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Jerry Frankenheim PhD

  3. Treatment Research Branch, Division of Clinical and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Raye Z. Litten PhD

  4. Division of Neuropharmacological Drug Products Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Drug Evaluation I, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA

    Philip H. Sheridan MD

  5. Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIAAA) National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Forrest F. Weight MD

  6. Division of Treatment Research and Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Steven R. Zukin MD

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© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Becker, H.C., Redmond, N. (2002). Role of Glutamate in Alcohol Withdrawal Kindling. In: Herman, B.H., Frankenheim, J., Litten, R.Z., Sheridan, P.H., Weight, F.F., Zukin, S.R. (eds) Glutamate and Addiction. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-306-4_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-306-4_25

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-234-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-306-4

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