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Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology of Glutamate Receptors

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Glutamate and Addiction

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

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Abstract

Glutamate receptors represent the main excitatory receptors in synaptic transmission in the brain and have been intensively studied over the last 15 yr. Although clinical settings involving glutamate receptor modulators or antagonists usually involve stroke, acute brain injury, epilepsy, and neuropathic pain, both metabotropic and ionotropic classes of glutamate receptor also appear to play a role in addiction and cognition. For example, sensitization to cocaine upon chronic exposure to this stimulant appears to be mediated in part by Ca2+ influx through a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors (1), and an mGluR2 agonist attenuates the disruptive effects of phencyclidine on working memory (2). We will provide an overview of the molecular and physiological properties of glutamate receptors and review their subunit-specific pharmacology. As much as possible, we will focus on features of glutamate receptor activation and desensitization that may be most relevant to addiction and cognitive processing. More extensive information on glutamate receptor pharmacology can be found in the literature (3–5).

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Authors
  1. Karin Borges PhD
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  2. Raymond Dingledine PhD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Medical Branch, Division of Treatment Research and Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Barbara H. Herman PhD

  2. Pharmacology, Integrative & Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch (PICNRB), Division of Neuroscience & Behavioral Research (DNBR), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Jerry Frankenheim PhD

  3. Treatment Research Branch, Division of Clinical and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Raye Z. Litten PhD

  4. Division of Neuropharmacological Drug Products Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Drug Evaluation I, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA

    Philip H. Sheridan MD

  5. Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIAAA) National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Forrest F. Weight MD

  6. Division of Treatment Research and Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Steven R. Zukin MD

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© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Borges, K., Dingledine, R. (2002). Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology of Glutamate Receptors. In: Herman, B.H., Frankenheim, J., Litten, R.Z., Sheridan, P.H., Weight, F.F., Zukin, S.R. (eds) Glutamate and Addiction. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-306-4_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-306-4_1

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-234-6

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