Abstract
The immune system responds to certain microbial components or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) (1,2), including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan, bacterial lipopeptides, lipoteichoic acid, microbial polysaccharides (e.g., mannans) and CpG DNA motifs present in bacterial DNA (3). The immune system uses pattern recognition receptors like the toll-like receptors (TLRs) to recognize these bacterial components, and transduce signals that modify the function of leukocytes. For example, TLR4 is involved in responses to LPS, TLR2 mediates responses to bacterial lipopeptides, and CpG DNA is recognized by TLR9 (4). MyD88 appears to be a common immediate downstream element in TLR signaling and is involved in recognition of CpG DNA (5).
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Askew, D., Chu, R.S., Harding, C.V. (2002). Regulation of Antigen Presenting Cell Function by CpG DNA. In: Raz, E. (eds) Microbial DNA and Host Immunity. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-305-7_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-305-7_8
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
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