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Cross-Priming of CD8+ T Cells by Immunostimulatory Sequence DNA

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Microbial DNA and Host Immunity

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Abstract

Microbial DNA containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (Irnmunostimulatory sequence [ISS] DNA, or CpG motifs) act upon cells of the innate immune system such as phagocytes (macrophages and dendritic cells [DC]) and NK cells and upon B cells, promoting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and surface molecules (1–4). They have little direct effect upon CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, yet animal models have shown that ISS-based vaccines promote two antigen-specific T cell responses: cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) activity and a Th1-type helper phenotype (5–8) (Fig. 1). This phenomenon has been observed with plasmid DNA vaccines (9), protein and synthetic ISS oligodeoxynucleotide (ISS-ODN) co-administration (6,10–12), and protein-ISS-ODN conjugate vaccines (13,14). Similar T-cell responses have been shown with distinct experimental antigens, including bacterial β-galactosidase (6), chicken ovalbumin (13), hepatitis B virus surface antigen (15), and human immunodeficiency virus gp 120 (14). Effective CTL and Th 1 priming has been observed with both intradermal (13,16) and intranasal (12) routes of immunization. Of note, priming of CTL activity with ISS-ODN and protein antigen, either coadministration or as conjugates, is independent of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted T helper activity, whereas priming by plasmid DNA vaccines is not (13).

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Authors
  1. Hearn Jay Cho
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  2. Sandip Datta
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  3. Eyal Raz
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Eyal Raz MD

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© 2002 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Cho, H.J., Datta, S., Raz, E. (2002). Cross-Priming of CD8+ T Cells by Immunostimulatory Sequence DNA. In: Raz, E. (eds) Microbial DNA and Host Immunity. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-305-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-305-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9728-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-305-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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