Skip to main content

Rhodococcus equi

  • Chapter
Opportunistic Infections

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

  • 173 Accesses

Abstract

Rhodoccocus equi is a well-recognized bacterial pathogen in veterinary medicine (1). Inhalation or ingestion appears to be the major route of infection in foals, and the primary source of infection is believed to be the soil (2). The taxonomic history of R. equi has been rather confusing. Currently, this pathogen is being described (3) as either R. equi or Corynebacterium equi.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Prescott, J. F. Rhodococcus equi: an animal and human pathogen. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 4, 20–34, 1991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Barton, M. D. and Hughes, K. L. Corynebacterium equi: a review. Vet. Bull., 50, 65, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Skerman, V. D. B., McGowan, V., and Sneath, P. H. A. Approved list of bacterial names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 30, 225, 1980.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Golub, B., Falk, G., and Spink, W. W. Lung absecess due to Corynebacterium equi: report of first human infection. Ann. Intern. Med., 66, 1174, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Van Etta, L. L., Filice, G. A., Ferguson, R. M., and Gerding, D. N. Corynebacterium equi: a review of 12 cases of human infection. Rev. Infect. Dis., 5, 1012, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Blanco, J., Yebra, M., Munoz, R., and Burillo. A. Cerebral abscess caused by Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent patient. Enfer. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin., 16, 294–295, 1998.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Sigler, E., Miskin, A., Shtlarid, M., and Berrebi. A. Fever of unknown origin and anemia with Rhodococcus equi infection in an immunocompetent patient. Am. J. Med., 104, 510, 1998.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Verville, T. D., Huycke, M. M., Greenfield, R. A., Fine, D. P., Kuhls, T. L., and Slater, L. N. Rhodococcus equi infections in humans: 12 cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore), 73, 119, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sane, D. C. and Durack, D. T. Infection with Rhodococcus equi in AIDS. N. Engl. J. Med., 314, 56, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mastroianni, C. M., Lichtner, M., Vullo, V., and Delia, S. Humoral immune response to Rhodococcus equi in AIDS patients with R. equi pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis., 169, 1179, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Caterino-de-Araujo, A., de Los Santos-Fortuna, E., Zandona-Meleiro, M. C., et al. Search for an antibody profile of Rhodococcus equi infection in AIDS patients despite the diversity of isolates and patient immune dysfonction. Microbes. Infect., 1, 663–670, 1999.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Elissalde, G. S. and Renshaw, H. W. Corynebacterium equi: an interhost review with emphasis on the foal. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 3, 433, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Borleffs, J. C., Petersen, E. J., Kaasjager, K., Teding van Berkhout, F., and Rozenberg- Arska, M. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in patients with immunodeficiency. Ned. Tijdschr.Geneeskd., 138, 2587, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Marsch, J. C. and von Graevenitz, A. Recurrent Corynebacterium equi infection with lymphoma. Cancer, 32, 147, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Berg, R., Chmel, H., Mayo, J., and Armstrong, D. Corynebacterium equi infection complicating neoplastic disease. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 68, 73, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gardner, S. E., Pearson, T., and Hughes, W. T. Pneumonitis due to Corynebacterium equi. Chest, 70, 92, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Jones, M. R., Say, P. J., Neale, T. J., and Horne, J. G. Rhodococcus equi: an emerging opportunistic pathogen? Aust. NZJ. Med., 19, 103, 1989.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Williams, G. D., Flanigan, W. J., and Campbell, G. S. Surgical management of localized thoracic infections in immunosuppressed patients. Ann. Thor. Surg., 12, 471, 1971.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Carpenter, J. L. and Blom, J. Corynebacterium equi pneumonia in a patient with Hodgkin’s disease. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 114, 235, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Akan, H., Akova, M., Ataoglu, H., Aksu, G., Arslan, O., and Koc, H. Rhodococcus equi and Nocardia brasiliensis infection of the brain, and liver in a patient with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 17, 737–739, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Tsang, K. W., Lam, P. S., Yuen, K. Y., Ooi, C. C., Lam, W., and Ip, M. Rhodococcus equi lung abscess complicating Evan’s syndrome treated with corticosteroid. Respiration, 65, 327–330, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Gainsford, S. A. and Frater, E. Two cases of infection involving Rhodococcus equi. N. Z. J. Med. Lab. Technol., 40, 100, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Novak, R. M., Polisky, E. L., Janda, W. M., and Libertin, C. R. Osteomyelitis caused by Rhodococcus equi in a renal transplant recipient. Infection, 16, 186, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Rubin, R. H. Pneumonia in the compromised host, in Update: Pulmonary Disease and Disorders, Fishman, A. P., Ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Savdie, E., Pigott, P., and Jennis, F. Lung abscess due to Corynebacterium equi in a renal transplant recipient. Med. J. Aust., 1, 817, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Segovia, J., Pulpón, L. A., Crespo, M. G., et al. Rhodococcus equi: first case in a heart transplant recipient. J. Heart Lung Transplant., 13, 332, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Szabo, B., Miszti, C., Majoros, L., Nabradi, Z., and Gomba, S. Isolation of rare opportunistic pathogens in Hungary: case report and short review of the literature. Acta Microbiol. Immnunol. Hung, 47, 9–14, 2000.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gallen, F., Kernaonet, E., Foulet, A., Goldstein, A., Lebon, P., and Babinet, F. Pulmonary infection from Rhodococcus equi after renal transplantation. Review of the literature. Nephrologie, 20, 383–386, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Fischer, L., Sterneck, M., Albrecht, H., Krupski, G., Polywka, S., Rogiers, X., and Broelsch, C. E. Vertebral osteomyelitis due to Rhodococcus equi in a liver transplant recipient. Clin. Infect. Dis., 26, 749–752, 1998.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Munoz, P., Burillo, A., Palomo, J., Rodriguez-Creixems, M., and Bouza, E. Rhodococcus equi infection in transplant recipients: case report and review of the literature. Transplantation, 65, 449–453, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. La Rocca, E., Gesu, G., Caldara, R., et al. Pulmonary infection caused by Rhodococcus equi in a kidney and pancreas transplant recipient: a case report. Transplantation, 65, 1524–1525, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Marsh, H. P., Bowler, I. C., and Watson, C. J. Successful treatment of Rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in a renal transplant recipient. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl., 82, 107–108, 2000.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Hillerdal, G., Riesenfeldt-örn, I., Pedersen, A., and Ivanicova, E. Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids. Scand. J. Infect. Dis., 20, 673, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Mohammedi, I., Vedrinne, J. M., Floccard, B., Reverdy, M. E., Duperret, S., and Motin, J. Disseminated Rhodococcus equi and Nocardia farcinica infection in a patient with sarcoidosis. J. Infect., 36, 134–135, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Takai, S., Koike, K., Ohbushi, S., Izumi, C., and Tsubaki, S. Identification of 15- to 17- kilodalton antigens associated with virulent Rhodococcus equi. J. Clin. Microbiol., 29, 439, 1991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Bishopric, G. A., d’Agay, M. F., Schlemmer, B., Sarfati, E., and Brocheriou, C. Pulmonary pseudotumour due to Corynebacterium equi in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Thorax, 43, 486, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Fierer, J., Wolf, P., Seed, L., Gay, T., Noonan, K., and Haghighi, P. Non-pulmonary Rhodococcus equi infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Clin. Pathol., 40, 556, 1987.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kunke, P. J. Serious infection in an AIDS patient due to Rhodococcus equi. Clin. Microbiol. Newslett., 9, 163, 1987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Samies, J. H., Hathaway, B. N., Echols, R. M., Veazey, J. M. Jr., and Pilon, V. A. Lung abscess due to Corynebacterium equi: report of the first case in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Am. J. Med., 80, 685, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Sonnet, J., Wauters, G., Zech, F., and Gigi, J. Opportunistic Rhodococcus equi infection in an African AIDS case (1976–1981). Acta Clin. Belg., 42, 215, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Wang, H. H., Tollerud, D., Danar, D., Hanff, P., Gottesdiener, K., and Rosen, S. Another Whipple-like disease in AIDS? N. Engl. J. Med., 314, 1577, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Weingarten, J. S., Huang, D. Y., and Jackman, J. D. Jr. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia: an unusual early manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Chest, 94, 195, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Harvey, R. L. and Sunstrom, J. C. Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. Rev. Infect. Dis., 13, 139, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Haglund, L. A., Trotter, J. A., Slater, L. N., Harris, S. L., Rettig, P. J., and Harkess, J. R. Case 9–1989: AIDS and a cavitary pulmonary lesion. N. Engl. J. Med., 321, 395, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  45. MacGregor, J. H., Samuelson, W. M., Sane, D. C., and Godwin, J. D. Opportunistic lung infection caused by Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi. Radiology, 160, 83, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Marco, M. L., Remacha, A., and Echevarri, B. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Arch. Bronconeumol., 30, 519, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Fernandez, A., Santos, J., Sanchez, M. A., and Alfaro, C. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with AIDS. Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. 12, 471, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Legras, A., Lemmens, B., Dequin, P. F., Cattier, B., and Besnier, J. M. Tamponade due to Rhodococcus equi in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Chest 106, 1278, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Figueras Villalba, M. P., Martinez Alvarez, R. M., and Munoz Marco, J. J. Pneumonia by Rhodococcus equi in patients with HIV infection. Ann. Med. Intl., 11, 238, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Heudier, P., Taillan, B., Gamier, G., et al. L’infection a Rhodococcus equi au cours du sida: un cas avec abcès pulmonaire. Revue de la littérature. Rev. Med. Interne, 15, 268, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Nzerue, C. Rhodococcus equi infection: a cause of cavitary pulmonary disease in immuno-compromised patients. Cent. Afr. J. Med., 39, 262, 1993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lemmens, B., Besnier, J. M., Diot, P., et al. Malacoplasie pulmonaire et pneumonie a Rhodococcus equi chez un patients infecté par le virus de l’immunodépression humaine: a propos d’un cas avec revue de la littérature. Rev. Mal. Respir., 11, 301, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Fiaccadori, F. Emergent pathologies: Rhodococcus equi infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann. Ital. Med. Int., 9, 10, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Frame, B. C. and Petcus, A. F. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia: case report and literature review. Ann. Pharmacother., 27, 1340, 1993.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Pialoux, G., Goldstein, F., Dupont, B., Gonzalez Canali, G., and Sansonetti, P. Combination antibiotic treatment with clarithromycin for human immunodeficiency virus-associated Rhodococcus equi infection. Clin. Infect. Dis., 17, 513, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Javaloyas, M., Garcia, D., and Ruffi, G. Recurrent abscess of the lung caused by Rhodococcus equi in an HIV-positive patient: response to a combination imipenem/vancomycin. Med. Clin. (Barcelona), 100, 759, 1993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Gazquez, I., Garcia Gonzalez, M., Pena, J. M., Rubio, M., and Nogues, A. A pulmonary abscess due to Rhodococcus equi in an AIDS patient. Rev. Clin. Esp., 192, 152, 1993.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Clotet, B., Sirera, G., and Erice, A. Rhodococcus equi infection in HIV-infected patients. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., 6, 429, 1993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Piersantelli, N., Casini-Lemmi, M., Cavanna, E., et al. Rhodococcus equi infections in AIDS: personal cases. Pathologica, 84, 517, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Curry, J. D., Harrington, P. T., and Hosein, I. K. Successful medical therapy of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with HIV infection. Chest, 102, 1619, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Rouveix, E., Dupont, C., Ichai, P., et al. Two particular aspects of Rhodococcus equi infection: malacoplakia and acquisition of resistance to antibiotics.Presse Med., 21, 1086, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Pialoux, G. and Dupont, B. Lung abscess caused by Rhodococcus equi in HIV infection: two cases. Presse Med., 21, 1086, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Pialoux, G., Fournier, S., Dupont, B., et al. Lung abscess caused by Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in HIV infection: two cases. Presse Med., 21, 417, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Gray, B. M. Case report: Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. Am. J. Med. Sci., 303, 180, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Drancourt, M., Bonnet, E., Gallais, H., Peloux, Y., and Raoult, D. Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with AIDS. J. Infect., 24, 123, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Nordman, P., Chavanet, P., Caillon, J., Duez, J. M., and Portier, H. Recurrent pneumonia due to rifampicin-resistant Rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with HIV. J. Infect., 24, 104, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Rouquet, R. M., Clave, D., Massip, P., Moatti, N., and Leophonte, P. Imipenem/vancomycin for Rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in HIV-positive patient. Lancet, 337, 375, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Chavanet, P., Bonnotte, B., Caillot, D., and Portier, H. Imipenem/teicoplanin for Rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in AIDS patient. Lancet, 337, 794, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Roca, V., Vinuelas, J., Perez-Cecilia, E., et al. Bacteremic pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi and HIV infection: report of a new case and review of the literature. Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin., 9, 627, 1991.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Sirera, G., Romeu, J., Clotet, B., et al. Relapsing systemic infection due to Rhodococcus equi in a drug abuser seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. Rev. Infect. Dis., 13, 509, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Flepp, M., Luthy, R., Wust, J., Steinke, W., and Greminger, P. Rhodococcus equi infection in HIV disease. Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr., 119, 566, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Daley, C. L. Bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. Semin. Respir. Dis., 8, 104, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  73. de Los Santos-Fortuna, E., Mastroianni, C. M., Lichtner, M., Mengoni, F., Vullo, V., and Caterino-De-Araujo, A. Search for virulence-associated antigens of Rhodococcus equi in strains isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Braz. J. Infect. Dis., 3, 184–188, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Hulsewe-Evers, H. P., Jansveld, C. A., Jansz, A. R., Schneider, M. M., and Bravenboer, B. HIV-infected patient with Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. Neth. J. Med. 57, 25–29, 2000

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Schneider, M. M. Change in natural history of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients. Neth. J. Med., 57, 13, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Caterino-de-Araujo, A., de Los Santos-Fortuno, E., Zandona-Meleiro, M. C., Calore, E. E., and Perez Calore, N. M. Detection of the 20-kDa virulence-associated antigen of Rhodococcus equi in malakoplakia-like lesion in pleural tissue obtained from an AIDS patient. Pathol. Res. Pract., 196, 321–327, 328, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Fang, C. T., Hung, C. C., Chang, S. C., et al. Pulmonary infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Taiwan. J. Formos. Med. Assoc., 99, 123–127, 2000.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Sanchez, J. F., Ojeda, I., Martin, C., Sanchez, F., and Vinuelas, J. Bacteremic pneumonia due to Rhodococcus equi in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection and visceral leishmaniasis. Enfer. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin., 17, 532–533, 1999.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Kim, S. C., Jorgensen, J., Graybill, J. R., and Smith, J. Otomastoiditis caused by Rhodococcus equi in a patient with AIDS. P. R. Health Sci. J., 18, 285–288, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Ibarra, R. and Jinkins, J. R. Severe otitis and mastoiditis due to Rhodococcus equi in a patient with AIDS. Case report. Neuroradiology, 41, 699–701, 1999.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Guerrero, M. F., Ramos, J. M., Renedo, G., Gadea, I., and Alix, A. Pulmonary malacoplakia associated with Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with AIDS: case report and review. Clin. Infect. Dis., 28, 1334–1336, 1999.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Hamrock, D., Azmi, F. H., O’Donnell, E., Gunning, W. T., Philips, E. R., and Zaher, A.. Infection by Rhodococcus equi in a patient with AIDS: histological appearance mimicking Whipple’s disease and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. J. Clin. Pathol., 52, 68–71, 1999.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Canizares, R., Esparcia, A. M., Roig, P., et al. Cavitated pulmonary lesions in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin., 17, 141–142, 1999.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Shin, M. S., Cooper, J. A., Jr., and Ho, K. J. Pulmonary malacoplakia associated with Rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with AIDS. Chest, 115, 889–892, 1999.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Rodriguez Arrondo, F., von Wichmann, M. A., Arrizabalaga, J., Iribarren, J. A., Garmendia, G., and Idigoras, P. Pulmonary cavitation lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis of the series of 78 cases. Med. Clin. (Barc.), 111, 725–730, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Alcalde Encinas, M. M., Garcia Garcia, J., Martinez, Madrid, O. J., and Garcia Henarejos, J. A. Bronchial malacoplakia associated with Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Rev. Clin. Esp., 198, 630–631, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Chiewchanvit, S., Mahanupab, P., Baosoung, V., and Khawan, C. Uncommon manifestations of opportunistic infections in an HIV infected patient. J. Med. Assoc. Thai., 81, 923–926, 1998.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Talanin, N. Y., Donabedian, H., Kaw, M., O’Donnell, E. D., and Zaher, A. Colonic polyps and disseminated infection associated with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis., 26, 1241–1242, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Martin-Davila, P., Quereda, C., Rodriguez, H., et al. Thyroid abscess due to Rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 17, 55–57, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Baraia-Etxaburu, J., Malero, P., Unzaga, M. J., et al. Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi in a patients with AIDS: difficulty in defining the most appropriate initial treatment. Enferra. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin., 15, 274–275, 1997.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Cornish, N. and Washington, J. A. Rhodococcus equi infections: clinical features and laboratory diagnosis. Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 19, 198–215, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Zink, M. C., Yager, J. A., Prescott, J. F., and Wilkie, B. N. In vitro phagocytosis and killing of Corynebacterium equi by alveolar macrophages of foals. Am. J. Vet. Res., 46, 2171, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Ebersole, L. L. and Paturzo, J. L. Endophthalmitis caused by Rhodococcus equi Prescott serotype 4. J. Clin. Microbiol., 26, 1221, 1988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Hillman, D., Garretson, B., and Fiscella, R. Rhodococcus equi endophthalmitis. Arch. Ophthalmol., 107, 20, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. LeBar, W. D. and Pensler, M. I. Pleural effusion due to Rhodococcus equi. J. Infect. Dis., 154, 919, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Thomsen, V. F., Henriques, U., and Magnusson, M. Corynebacterium equi Magnussson isolated from a tuberculoid lesion in a child with adenitis coli. Dan. Med. Bull., 15, 135, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. McGowan, K. L. and Mangano, M. F. Infections with Rhodococcus equi in children. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 14, 347, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Sladek, G. G. and Frame, J. N. Rhodococcus equi causing bacteremia in an adult with acute leukemia. South. Med. J., 86, 244, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Obana, W. G., Scannell, K. A., Jacobs, R., Greco, C., and Rosenblum, M. L. A case of Rhodococcus equi brain abscess. Surg. Neurol., 35, 321, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Jablonowski, H., Armbrecht, C., Mauss, S., et al. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in an HIV-infected patient. Bildgebung, 61, 206, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Hsueh, P. R., Hung, C. C., Teng, L. J., et al. Report of invasive Rhodococcus equi infections in Taiwan, with an emphesis on the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Clin. Infect. Dis., 27, 370–375, 1998

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Colebunders, R., De Roo, A., Verstraeten, T., et al. Rhodococcus equi infection in 3 AIDS patients. Acta Clin. Belg., 51, 101, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Dabbs, E. R. and Quan, S. Light inhibits rifampicin inactivation and reduces rifampicin resistance due to a cloned mycobacterial ADP-ribosylation gene. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 182, 105–109, 2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Mascellino, M. T., Iona, E., Ponzo, R., Mastroianni, C. M., and Delia, S. Infections due to Rhodococcus equi in three HIV-infected patients: microbiological findings and antibiotic susceptibility. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res., 14, 157, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Nordman, P., Rouveix, E., Guenounou, M., and Nicolas, M. H. Pulmonary abscess due to a rifampin and fluoroquinolone resistant Rhodococcus equi strain in a HIV infected patient. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 11, 557, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Hillidge, C. J. Use of erythromycin-rifampin combination in treatment of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. Vet. Microbiol., 14, 337, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Arrizabalaga, J., Hernandez, J., Iribarren, J. A., et al. Rhodococcus equi infection in immunocompromised host: 11 cases. Proc. 36th Intersci. Conf. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC, abstract # I24, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Scotton, P. G., Tonon, E., Giobbia, M., Gallucci, M., Rigoli, R., and Vaglia, A. Rhodococcus equi nosocomial meningitis cured by levofloxacin and shunt removal. Clin. Infect. Dis., 30, 223–224, 2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Spark, R. P., McNeil, M. M., Brown, J. M., Lasker, B. A., Montano, M. A., Garfield, M. D. Rhodococcus species fatal infection in an immunocompetent host, Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med., 117, 515, 1993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Tanaka, Y., Yazawa, K., Dabbs, E. R., et al. Different rifampicin inactivation mechanisms in Nocardia and related taxa. Microbiol. Immunol., 40, 1–4, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Georgiev, V.S. (2003). Rhodococcus equi. In: Opportunistic Infections. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-296-8_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-296-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-303-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-296-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics