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Peripheral Bone Mineral Assessment of the Axial Skeleton

Technical Aspects

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Osteoporosis

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

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Abstract

The purpose of the bone density measurement is to quantify the density or mass of bone mineral (calcium hydroxyapatite) in a medium consisting not only of the mineral itself, but also fat, muscle and bone marrow constituents as well as other biological materials. Mea­surements at central sites, such as the hip and spine, are inherently more complex than peripheral measurements because the bones are embedded in greater tissue thicknesses of more variable composition. Compared to peripheral sites (e.g., the calcaneus and forearm), where single-energy x-ray absorptiometry (SXA) and ultrasound measurements are avail­able, central measurements require multiple-energy projection imaging techniques such as dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or quantitative computed tomography (QCT).

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  1. Thomas F. Lang PhD
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  2. Jeffrey Duryea PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA

    Eric S. Orwoll MD  & Michael Bliziotes MD  & 

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Lang, T.F., Duryea, J. (2003). Peripheral Bone Mineral Assessment of the Axial Skeleton. In: Orwoll, E.S., Bliziotes, M. (eds) Osteoporosis. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-278-4_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-278-4_4

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