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Isoprostanes in the Assessment of Oxidant Stress In Vivo

  • Chapter
Molecular and Cellular Basis of Inflammation

Part of the book series: Current Inflammation Research ((CIRES))

Abstract

Oxidative stress is believed to play an important pathophysiological role in a variety of cardiovascular disorders, including atherosclerosis (1) and ischemia-reperfusion injury (2). Epidemiological studies have related the incidence of certain diseases inversely to the estimated intake of dietary antioxidants (3,4). Furthermore, data from certain animal models of oxidative stress lend indirect support for this hypothesis (5,6). However, difficulty in assessing oxygen radical generation in vivo has proven to be the major limitation to the understanding of this mechanism of human disease. Traditional in vitro assays of malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxides are thought to be fallible when applied to clinical investigation because of such factors as ex vivo generation of products, inaccuracy of assay methodology, and the instability and nonspecificity of the analytes (7,8). Alternative approaches rely on the measurement of indices of free radical generation explicitly induced ex vivo, such as copper-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and the generation of spin traps (9,10). However, it is unclear how indices of LDL oxidizability relate to oxidant stress in vivo. Consequently, the relationship of oxidant stress to human disease remains unclear. Furthermore, there is little information on the actual in vivo antioxidant effects of vitamin C or E in humans. Thus, there is little biochemical basis for choice of disease and dose selection when such compounds are studied in phase III clinical trials (11,12).

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Authors
  1. Muredach P. Reilly
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  2. Domenico Pratico
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  3. Paul Lanken
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  4. Norman Delanty
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  7. Garret A. FitzGerald
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesia, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Charles N. Serhan

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Peter A. Ward

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Reilly, M.P. et al. (1999). Isoprostanes in the Assessment of Oxidant Stress In Vivo. In: Serhan, C.N., Ward, P.A. (eds) Molecular and Cellular Basis of Inflammation. Current Inflammation Research. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-253-1_6

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