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Drug Development pp 21–60Cite as

Therapeutic Implications of the Nitric Oxide Pathway in Gastrointestinal Diseases

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Abstract

Over the past decade, nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to play an unprecedented range of roles in biological systems. Diverse physiologic and pathophysiologic roles for NO have been identified, including those of a vasodilator, neurotransmitter, antimicrobial agent, immunomodulator, and intracellular signaling molecule (Moncada et al., 1991; Moncada and Higgs, 1995; Whittle, 1994). It can be formed in a wide range of cell types, such as the endothelial cell, macrophage, neurons, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and cardiac myocytes. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, NO can bring about changes in secretion, motility, blood flow, electrolyte and water absorption, mucosal protection, and inflammation, and many of these changes are transduced via activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (Moncada et al., 1991; Moncada and Higgs, 1995). This chapter reviews studies on the role of NO in the GI tract, especially as it relates to maintenance of physiological function and mucosal integrity; the therapeutic potential of agents that modulate the NO system will also be discussed.

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  1. B. L. Tepperman
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  1. School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Timothy S. Gaginella

  2. Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Antonio Guglietta

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Tepperman, B.L., Whittle, B.J.R. (2000). Therapeutic Implications of the Nitric Oxide Pathway in Gastrointestinal Diseases. In: Gaginella, T.S., Guglietta, A. (eds) Drug Development. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-202-9_2

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