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The Complement Barrier to Xenotransplantation

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Xenotransplantation

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Abstract

Early work on xenotransplantation indicated that complement activation is a major mediator of organ xenograft rejection (1,2). This knowledge provided the impetus for numerous studies addressing complement activation in a recipient bearing a xenograft and the mechanisms of complement-mediated xenogeneic injury (3,4). In phylogenetically distant, discordant combinations, such as pig-to-primate, complement activation occurs immediately after initiation of organ reperfusion, resulting in hyperacute rejection (HAR) of the xenograft. In concordant combinations, such as hamster-to-rat, complement may participate in delayed rejection once anti-graft antibodies have been generated. Therefore, several approaches have been explored to prevent complement-mediated damage to xenografts. This chapter is comprised of a brief overview of the reaction mechanisms of complement, followed by a discussion of the role of complement in the pathogenesis of tissue injury in xenograft rejection, a review of approaches to inhibit complement activation as an important component of strategies to avoid xenograft rejection, and finally, a brief discussion of the significance of complement in accommodation.

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Authors
  1. Agustin P. Dalmasso MD
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  1. Transplantation Biology and the Departments of Surgery, Immunology, and Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Jeffrey L. Platt MD

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© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Dalmasso, A.P. (2002). The Complement Barrier to Xenotransplantation. In: Platt, J.L. (eds) Xenotransplantation. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-166-4_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-166-4_8

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-127-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-166-4

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