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Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-CSF Barrier in Metal-Induced Neurotoxicities

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Handbook of Neurotoxicology

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Abstract

For a metal to enter the brain, it must pass the brain-barrier systems that safeguard brain chemical stability. These barriers exist both at the capillaries of the brain and the spinal cord, in essentially all parenchyma of the central nervous system (CNS), and at the choroid plexus in brain ventricles. If one assumes that the systemic compartment embraces most tissues and organs, via blood circulation, except the brain, then the CNS appears to comprise a unique compartment whose intrinsic circulation is nearly secluded from the blood circulation. Within this cerebral compartment, the interstitial fluid (ISF) flows between neurons and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates among major brain structures and ventricles. The direct continuity of ISF and CSF allows for the free exchange of substances within the extracellular space of the cerebral compartment. Thus, the barrier that separates the systemic compartment from ISF is defined as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), while the one that discontinues the circulation between systemic and CSF compartments is named blood-CSF barrier (BCB) (Fig. 1).

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    Edward J. Massaro

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Zheng, W. (2002). Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-CSF Barrier in Metal-Induced Neurotoxicities. In: Massaro, E.J. (eds) Handbook of Neurotoxicology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-132-9_10

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