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Cardiovascular Effects of Emphysema

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Lung Volume Reduction Surgery

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Abstract

The recent reintroduction of lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) for the treatment of severe emphysema has led to a renewed interest in the pathophysiology of this debilitating condition. Severe shortness of breath is generally the most distressing symptom of the emphysematous form of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) spectrum. The origin of this symptom is likely to be multifactorial and, hence, the mechanisms by which LVRS may alleviate symptoms is also likely to be multifactorial. Given the interactions between respiratory and cardiovascular systems, it is not surprising that there is interest in the effects of LVRS on cardiovascular function and how these effects are integrated into the overall response. Whereas the cardiovascular effects of COPD have been the subject of hundreds of scientific studies, the majority of these studies do not distinguish between the major subgroups of COPD, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Because most patients have significant symptoms of chronic bronchitis, these studies, by design, do not give a comprehensive view of the cardiovascular effects of relatively “pure” emphysema. One problem regarding this is how to define emphysema, on clinical, pathological, or physiological grounds and distinguish this from chronic bronchitis. Some of these issues influence the interpretation of studies purporting to assess the hemodynamic effects of emphysema.

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  1. Steven M. Scharf MD, PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The New York Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia Presbyterian Center, New York, NY, USA

    Michael Argenziano MD (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons) & Mark E. Ginsburg MD (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons) (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons) &  (Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons)

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Scharf, S.M. (2002). Cardiovascular Effects of Emphysema. In: Argenziano, M., Ginsburg, M.E. (eds) Lung Volume Reduction Surgery. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-121-3_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-121-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-220-9

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