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Retroviral Immunology pp 191–211Cite as

HIV-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies

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Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

Abstract

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) generates cellular and humoral immune responses of various magnitudes to multiple virus-specific antigens. Perhaps the most beneficial B cell response is one that is directed against the surface gp120 and transmembrane gp41 envelope glycoproteins of the virus; both glycoproteins are major targets for the antibody-mediated neutralization of HIV-1 infectivity. To ensure its survival, the virus has evolved a number of immune-evasion strategies that limit the potential benefit of neutralizing antibodies. Chief among these is a high degree of genetic and antigenic variation exhibited by the gp120 and gp41, making the virus a constant moving target for immune surveillance. Critical neutralization epitopes may also be masked by N-linked glycans and other structural elements in the native oligomeric envelope glycoprotein complex of the virus. This chapter gives a general overview of how HIV-1 is neutralized by antibody, why the neutralizing antibody response fails to control infection and, finally, what is being done to develop an HIV-1 vaccine that has an effective antibody component.

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  1. David C. Montefiori
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  1. Hospital de Beaumont, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Giuseppe Pantaleo MD

  2. Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Bruce D. Walker MD

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Montefiori, D.C. (2001). HIV-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies. In: Pantaleo, G., Walker, B.D. (eds) Retroviral Immunology. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-110-7_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-110-7_8

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

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