Abstract
The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was initially designed to automatically detect and treat tachyarrhythmias (1, 2). The modern ICD has evolved into a multifunctional, multiprogrammable electronic device designed to treat episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF), and to support bradycardia. The ICD consists of a pulse generator and a lead system with electrodes for pacing and coils for defibrillation. Current ICDs have the programming potential to deliver multi-level therapies, which may include a combination of anti-tachycardia pacing, cardioversion, or defibrillation. Contemporary ICDs also have extensive bradycardia functionality, which may include single-chamber pacing, dual-chamber pacing, automatic mode-switching, and sensor-driven rate-responsive pacing. ICDs incorporate sophisticated algorithms to detect and differentiate supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) from ventricular arrhythmias. Additionally, some models deliver pacing or defibrillation therapy for atrial arrhythmias. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of ICDs to accurately detect and treat VT and to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death.
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Augostini, R.S., Schweikert, R.A., Wilkoff, B.L. (2002). Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy. In: Ganz, L.I. (eds) Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-090-2_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-090-2_15
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
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