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Arterial Pulse Transmission Characteristics

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The Arterial Circulation

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Abstract

Structural and geometric nonuniformities of the arterial tree give rise to differences in observed pressure and flow waveforms in different anatomic locations in the arterial system. Simultaneous recordings of pressure and flow waveforms in different parts of the vascular tree in human and dog have made clear some distinct features as the pulse wave travels away from the heart. First, the pulse pressure (PP) increases and the flow amplitude decreases progressively, though the mean pressure falls very slowly until reaching the arteriolar beds. The fall of mean blood pressure in the arteriolar beds is dramatic. Second, the rate of rise of the pressure wave in early systole increases and the wavefront becomes steeper; that of the flow wave behaves in just the opposite manner. Third, the incisura, or dicrotic notch, casued by pressure fluctuation as a result of an aortic valve closure, is rounded off as the pressure wave propagates toward the periphery, and the diastolic portion of the pressure wave is accentuated. These observations are illustrated in Fig. 4-1. These changes and their explanations are significant in understanding the functional aspects of the arterial system. Consequently, there is considerable diagnostic information that can be derived from the pressure and flow waveforms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA

    Dr. John K.-J. Li PhD (Professor II (distinguished) and Director of Cardiovascular Research)

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  1. Dr. John K.-J. Li PhD
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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Li, J.KJ. (2000). Arterial Pulse Transmission Characteristics. In: The Arterial Circulation. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-034-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-034-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-106-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-034-6

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