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Anogenital Squamous Cell Cancer and Its Precursors

Natural History, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  • Chapter
Infectious Causes of Cancer

Part of the book series: Infectious Disease ((ID))

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Abstract

Prior to the introduction of routine cervical cytology screening, the incidence of cervical cancer was 40–50/100,000. Currently the incidence of cervical cancer in the United States is approx 8/100,000 (1) and much of the reduction is attributed to the efficacy of cytology screening (Papanicolaou smears) to prevent cervical cancer. The corresponding decline in mortality from cervical cancer is seen vividly in the recently released atlas of US cancer mortality (http://www.nci.nih.gov/atlas). Despite the reduction, these data translate into the death of approx 4500 women each year in the United States of a disease that is preventable. Although some of the mortality can be attributed to failures in cervical cytology in the form of false-negative results, the majority of women diagnosed with cervical cancer in the United States were never screened at all. Thus, much of the mortality is concentrated in populations of women with inadequate access to health care, particularly minority populations such as Hispanic and African-American women. Consistent with this, the incidence of cervical cancer around the world is highest in those countries where there is no routine cervical cytology screening.

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Authors
  1. Joel M. Palefsky
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  1. Viral Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd., Room 8012, MSC 7248, 20852, Rockville, MD, USA

    James J. Goedert MD (Chief) (Chief)

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Palefsky, J.M. (2000). Anogenital Squamous Cell Cancer and Its Precursors. In: Goedert, J.J. (eds) Infectious Causes of Cancer. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-024-7_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-024-7_15

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9621-5

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