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Therapeutic Interventions in the Complement System pp 171–204Cite as

Roles of Integrins CR3 and CR4 in Disease and Therapeutic Strategies

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Part of the book series: Contemporary Immunology ((CONTIM))

Abstract

CR3 and CR4 have important functions in host defense against microbial infection in mediating both intercellular adhesion and phagocytosis and/or cytotoxic degranulation. These membrane glycoproteins act first as adhesion molecules to promote the diapedesis of leukocytes into sites of infection or injury, and then work secondarily as trigger molecules to initiate phagocytosis and degranulation responses that kill microbial pathogens. Although CR4 is structurally and functionally similar to CR3, there is little information about the specific contributions of CR4 to disease, and accordingly, intervention strategies have focused primarily on CR3. The diverse functions of CR3 have led to strategies for therapeutic intervention designed either to block or to prime CR3 in specific diseases. Antagonists function by preventing unwanted neutrophil damage of normal tissue at sites of inflammation, whereas agonists prime CR3 for cytotoxic recognition of iC3b-opsonized tumors. Although these functions of CR3 appear distinct, novel intervention strategies have been suggested by recent research showing the cellular mechanisms that regulate CR3 adhesion vs cytotoxic degranulation through formation of lectin-dependent membrane complexes with either CD87 (uPAR) or CD 16 (FcγRIIIB).

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Authors
  1. Yu Xia
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  2. Gordon D. Ross
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  1. University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    John D. Lambris PhD

  2. University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA

    V. Michael Holers MD

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Xia, Y., Ross, G.D. (2000). Roles of Integrins CR3 and CR4 in Disease and Therapeutic Strategies. In: Lambris, J.D., Holers, V.M. (eds) Therapeutic Interventions in the Complement System. Contemporary Immunology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-017-9_7

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