Skip to main content

Selection, Treatment, and Counseling for Women with Urinary Incontinence

  • Chapter
Office Urology

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

  • 197 Accesses

Abstract

The International Continence Society (ICS) defines urinary incontinence (UI) as the “involuntary loss of urine that represents a hygienic or social problem to the individual and which is objectively demonstrable.” Estimates of the prevalence of urinary incontinence vary with the profile of the groups studied. Urinary incontinence is estimated to affect 13 million Americans, and costs approx $16 billion in health-care each year. A recent review of the societal cost of care of urinary incontinence in patients >65 yr of age by Wagner and Hu estimated a cost of $26.3 billion, or $3565 per patient. An approximated 10–20% of women aged 15–64 yr, 40% of women >60 yr, and >50% of institutionalized patients (including both sexes) are affected.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Selected Reading

  • Appell RA (1998) Surgery for the treatment of overactive bladder. Urology 51(Suppl 2A):27–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abrams P (1998) Tolterodine. Br J Urol.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaivas JG, Jacobs BZ (1991) Pubovaginal fascial sling for the treatment of complicated stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 145 (6): 1214–1218.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blaivas JG, Romanzi LJ, Heritz DM (1998) Urinary incontinence: pathophysiology, evaluation, treatment overview, and nonsurgical management. In: Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan ED, Wein AJ, eds., Campbell’s Urology, 7th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co., pp. 1007–10043.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown J (1998) Comparison of tolerability and efficacy of once-a-day vs immediate-release oxybutynin chloride in patients with urge urinary incontinence. Oxybutynin XL Study Group, University of California, San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgio KL, Locher JL, Goode PS, Hardin JM, McDowell BJ, Dombrowski M, Candib D (1998) Behavioral vs drug treatment for urge urinary incontinence in older women: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 280 (23): 1995–2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buyse G, Waldeck K, Verpoorten C, Bjork H, Casaer P, Anderson KE (1998) Intravesical oxybutynin for neurogenic bladder dysfunction: less systemic side effects due to reduces first pass metabolism. J Urol 160: 892–896.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cammu H, Van Nylen M (1998) Pelvic floor exercises versus vaginal weight cones in genuine stress incontinence. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 7 (1): 89–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Can LK, Walsh Pi, Abraham VE, Webster GD (1997) Favorable outcome of pubovaginal slings for geriatric women with stress incontinence. J Urol 157 (1): 125–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cervigni M (1996) Hormonal influences in the lower urinary tract. In: Raz S, ed., Female Urology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaikin DC, Rosenthal J, Blaivas J (1998) Pubovaginal fascial sling for all types of stress urinary incontinence: long-term analysis. J Urol 160 (4): 1312–1316.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clemmens JQ, Stern JA, Bushman WA, Schaeffer AJ (1998) Long-term results of the Stamey bladder neck suspension: Direct comparison with the Marshall Marchetti Krantz procedure. J Urol 160: 37 2376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Constantinou CE (1985) Resting and stress urethral pressures as a clinical guide to the mechanism of continence in the female patient. Urol Clin N Am 12 (2): 247–258.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cross CA, Cespedes RD, McGuire EJ (1998) Our experience with pubovaginal slings in patients with stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 159: 1195–1198.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cross CA, English SF, Cespedes RD, McGuire EJ (1998) A follow-up on transurethal collagen injection therapy for urinary incontinence. J Urol 159: 106–108.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cruz F, Guimaraes M, Silva C, Rio ME, Coimbra A, Reis M (1997) Desensitization of bladder sensory fibers by intravesical capsaicin has long lasting clinical and urodynamic effects in patients with hyperactive or hypersensitive bladder dysfunction. J Urol 157 (2): 585–589.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Ridder D, Chandiramani V, Dasgaputa P, Van Poppet H, Baert L, Fowler CJ (1997) Intravesical capsaicin as a treatment for refractory detrusor hyperreflexia: a dual center study with long-term follow-up. J Urol 158 (6): 2087–2092.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diokno AC, Brown MB, Brock BM (1988) Clinical and cystometric characteristics of continent and incontinent non-institutionalized elderly. J Urol 145: 567.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elkabir JJ, Mee AD (1998) Long-term evaluation of the Gittes procedure for urinary stress incontinence. J Urol 159: 1203–1205.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fantl JA, Wyman JF, McClish DK (1991) Efficacy of bladder training in older women with urinary incontinence. JAMA 265: 609–613.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fink RS, Collins WP, Papdaki L (1985) Vaginal oestriol: effective menopausal therapy not associated with endometrial hyperplasia. J Gynaecol Endocrinol 1–2: 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finkbeiner AE (1985) Is bethanecol chloride clinically effective in promoting bladder emptying? A literature review. J Urol 1134 (3): 443–449.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuertes EM, Casado SJ, Cuesta AJ, Cid GM, de Behtencourt RF, Briso HJ, Tamayo JC, Dehaini DA, Fernandez LR, Estevez RL, Chapado SM (1998) [Occlusive urethral systems: can they constitute an alternative in the management of female stress incontinence? (abstract)]. Arch Esp Urol 51(1):71–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilja I, Puskar D, Mazuran B, Radej M (1998) Comparative analysis of bladder neck suspension using Raz, Burch, and transvaginal Burch procedures. Eur Urol 33: 298–302.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillberg PG, Sudnquist S (1998) Tolterodine. Eur J Pharm 349 (2–3): 285–292.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman HB, Rackley RR, Appell RA (1999) The efficacy of urethrolysis without resuspension for iatrogenic urethral obstruction. J Urol 161: 196–199.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Govier FE, Gibbons RP, Correa RJ, Weissman RM, Pritchett TR, Hefty TRL (1997) Pubovaginal sling using fascia lata for the treatment of instrinsic sphincter deficiency. J Urol 157 (1): 117–121.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haab F, Zimmern PE, Leach GE (1997) Urinary stress incontinence due to intrinsic sphincteric deficiency: experience with fat and collagen periurethral injections. J Urol 157 (4): 1283–1286.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herschorn S, Steele DJ, Radomski SB (1996) Followup of intraurethral collagen for female stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 156 (4): 1305–1309.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kato K, Kondo A (1997) Clinical value of vaginal cones for the management of female stress incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 8 (5): 314–317.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kitakoji H, Terasaki T, Honjo H, Odahara Y, Ukimura O. Kojima M, Watanabe H (1995) Effect of acupuncture on the overactive bladder (abstract). Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 86 (10): 1514–1519.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kondo A, Kato K, Gotoh M, Narushima M, Saito M (1998) The Stamey and Gittes procedures: longterm followup in relation to incontinence and types and patient age. J Urol 160: 756–768.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leach GE (1998) Bone fixation technique for transvaginal needle suspension. Urology 31 (5): 388–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leach GE, Dmochowski RR, Appell RA, Blaivas JG, Hadley HR, Luber KM, et al. (1997) Female SUI clinical guidelines panel summary report on surgical management of female stress urinary incontinence. The American Urological Association, J Urol 158: 875–880.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mark SD, Webster GD (1 996) Detrusor hyperactivity. In: Raz S, ed., Female Urology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattsson LA, Cullberg G (1983) A clinical evaluation of treatment with estriol vaginal cream versus suppository in postmenopausal women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 62: 397.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson CG, Lukkari E, Haarala M, Kivel A, Hakonen T, Kiiholma P (1997) Comparison of a 10-mg controlled release oxybutynin tablet with a 5-mg oxybutynin tablet in urge incontinent patients. Neurourol Urodyn 16 (6): 533–542.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen KK, Walter S, Maegaard E, Kromann-Andersen B (1993) The urethral plug II: an alternative treatment in women with genuine urinary stress incontinence. Br J Urol 72 (4): 428–432.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Payne CK (1998) Epidemiology, pathophysiology and evaluation of urinary incontinence and overactive bladder. Urology (2A Suppl):3–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Resnick NM, Yalla SV, Laurino E (1989) The pathophysiology of urinary incontinence among institutionalized elderly persons. N Engl J Med 320 (1): 1–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaker HS, Hassouna M (1998) Sacral nerve root neuromodulation: an effective treatment for refractory urge incontinence. J Urol 159 (5): 1516–1519.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simonds RJ, Homberg SD, Hurwitz RL, Coleman TR, Bottenfield S, Conley LJ, Kohlenberg SH, Castro KG, Dahan BA, Schable CA (1992) Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from a seronegative organ tissue donor. N Engl J Med 326 (11): 726–732.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stein M, Discippio W, Davia M, Taub H (1995) Biofeedback for the treatment of stress and urge incontinence. J Urol 153: 641–643.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stothers L, Goldenberg SL (1998) Delayed hypersensitivity and systemic arthralgia following transurethral collagen injection for stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 159: 1507–1509.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sweat SD, Lightner DJ (1999) Complications of sterile abscess formation and pulmonary embolism following periurethral bulking agents. J Urol 161: 93–96.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trockman B, Leach GE, Hamilton J, Sakamoto M, Santiago L, Zimmern P (1995) Modified Pereyra bladder neck suspension: 10-year follow-up using outcomes analysis in 125 patients. J Urol 154: 1481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vandersteen DR, Husmann DA (1998) Treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis persisting into adulthood. J Urol 161: 90–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner TH, Hu TW (1998) Economic costs of urinary incontinence in 1995. Urology 51: 355–361.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wein AJ (1995) Pharmacology of incontinence. Urol Clin N Am 22 (3): 557–577.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wein Ai (1998) Chillies: from antiquity to urology (comment). J Urol 160 (3): 965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weese D, Roskamp D, Leach GE, Zimmern PE (1993) Intravesical oxybutinin chloride: experience with 42 patients. Urology 41 (6): 527.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheatocroft SM, Vardy SJ, Tyers AG (1997) Complications of fascia lata harvesting for ptosis surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 82(3): 333, 334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson PD, Borland M (1990) Vaginal cones for the treatment of genuine stress urinary incontinence. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 30 (2): 157–160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wright EJ, Iselin CE, Can LK, Webster GD (1998) Pubovaginal sling using cadaveric allograft fascia for the treatment of ISD. J Urol 160: 759–762.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zarazoga MR (1996) Expanded indications for the pubovaginal sling: treatment of type 2 or 3 stress incontinence. J Urol 156 (5): 1620–1622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kobashi, K.C., Leach, G.E. (2001). Selection, Treatment, and Counseling for Women with Urinary Incontinence. In: Kursh, E.D., Ulchaker, J.C. (eds) Office Urology. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-010-0_32

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-010-0_32

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-188-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-010-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics