Abstract
The most recent report of the Sixth Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (INC VI) (1) has recommended a trial of lifestyle intervention as initial therapy in individuals with high-normal (130–139 mmHg systolic/85–89 diastolic) or stage I (140–159/90–99 mmHg) blood pressure (BP) levels without end-organ disease, concomitant cardiovascular disease, or diabetes mellitus. This chapter examines the evidence in support of dietary alterations and their effect on BP. The constituents that are considered include calories (body weight), salt (sodium chloride), potassium, calcium, and combinations of these minerals, other dietary components, and alcohol. Rather than attempting an encyclopedic review of the studies of all these dietary elements, this chapter succinctly summarizes what is currently known.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the Sixth Report (INC VI) (1997) Arch Intern Med 157: 2413–2446.
Weinberger MH (1996) Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans. Hypertension 27 (Pt. 2): 481–490.
Weinberger MH, Miller JZ, Luft FC, et al. (1986) Definitions and characteristics of sodium sensitivity and blood pressure resistance. Hypertension 8 (Suppl. 2): 127–134.
Weinberger MH, Fineberg NS (1991) Sodium and volume sensitivity of blood pressure: age and blood pressure change over time. Hypertension 18: 67–71.
Weinberger MH, Stegner JE, Fineberg NS (1993) A comparison of two tests for the assessment of blood pressure responses to sodium. Am J Hypertens 6: 179–184.
Whelton PK, He J, Cutler JA, et al. (1997) Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. JAMA 277: 1624–1632.
Sacks FM, Willett WC, Smith A et al. (1998) Effect on blood pressure of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in women with habitual low intake. Hypertension 31: 131–138.
Appel LJ, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E, et al. (1997) The effect of dietary patterns on blood pressure: results from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Trial. N Engl J Med 336: 1117–1124.
Weinberger MH, Wagner UL, Fineberg NS (1993) The blood pressure effects of calcium supplementation in humans of known sodium responsiveness. Am J Hypertens 6: 799–805.
Svetkey LP, Simons-Morton D, Vollmer WM, et al. (1999) Effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure: subgroup analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med 159: 285–293.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Weinberger, M.H. (2001). Sodium and Other Dietary Factors. In: Weber, M.A. (eds) Hypertension Medicine. Current Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-008-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-008-7_5
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5446-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-008-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive