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Experimental Models of Arteriovenous Grafting

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Book cover Vascular Disease and Injury

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cardiology ((CONCARD))

Abstract

Venous tissue remains the most widely used arterial conduit for the treatment of occlusive coronary and peripheral vascular disease. However, neointima formation and the accelerated rate of atherosclerosis in these grafts leads to an unacceptably high failure rate, necessitating reoperation or revision in 50% of patients within 10 yr. Other conduit systems have proven to be less reliable because of limitations in availability or higher rates of thrombogenicity. Prosthetic arteriovenous (AV) conduits have become the predominant mode of long-term access for patients who require chronic hemodialysis. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is the most commonly used prosthetic material in the construction of these grafts. The increased use of prosthetic conduits over the past 20 yr has accompanied an increase in the ages of patients on dialysis, and an increase both in the length of time patients are on dialysis and the severity of their vascular disease (1). With the increased use of prosthetic conduits comes an increase in graft complications. Thrombosis of the graft, which is usually caused by venous outflow obstruction, is the most common complication, followed by infection and false aneurysm formation (1,2). As a result, much emphasis has been placed on improving our understanding of the pathobiological effects of venous and prosthetic grafting, with the goal of improving long-term graft patency.

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Authors
  1. Afshin Ehsan MD
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  2. Michael J. Mann MD
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  3. Victor J. Dzau MD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Daniel I. Simon MD  & Campbell Rogers MD,FACC  & 

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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Ehsan, A., Mann, M.J., Dzau, V.J. (2001). Experimental Models of Arteriovenous Grafting. In: Simon, D.I., Rogers, C. (eds) Vascular Disease and Injury. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-003-2_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-003-2_5

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61737-169-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-003-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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