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Space and Entry Motion Sickness

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Abstract

One of the most significant clinical and operational challenges experienced by spaceflight crews during the first few days in weightlessness is space motion sickness (SMS). SMS was among the first adverse medical conditions encountered by humans as they ventured into weightlessness. SMS is arguably the main risk of decreased human performance during the critical first days of space flight. Activities typically performed early that may be disrupted include payload activation, satellite deployment, rendezvous, and docking. SMS symptoms—particularly malaise, loss of initiative, and nausea—can range from being mildly distracting to physically debilitating.

Similarly, when crewmembers return to Earth, their physiologic systems must readapt to the 1G environment. The collection of physiologic changes during the initial postflight period is referred to as Earth-readaptation syndrome, and the postflight motion sickness component is here referred to as entry motion sickness (EMS). EMS is an operational concern for two reasons: first, because EMS may adversely affect the ability of a pilot to control a vehicle on reentry or the ability of any crewmember to perform an emergency egress after landing and second, because readaptation and EMS can also become a concern for an exploration-class (e.g., Mars) mission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aerospace Medicine Division, Headquarters, Air Education and Training Command, United States Air Force, JBSA Randolph, TX, USA

    Hernando J. Ortega Jr.

  2. Neuroscience Lab, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Deborah L. Harm

  3. Department of Neuroscience, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Millard F. Reschke

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  1. Hernando J. Ortega Jr.
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  2. Deborah L. Harm
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  3. Millard F. Reschke
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Michael R. Barratt

  2. Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Ellen S. Baker

  3. Deceased, Formerly Chief, Medical Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Sam L. Pool

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Ortega, H.J., Harm, D.L., Reschke, M.F. (2019). Space and Entry Motion Sickness. In: Barratt, M., Baker, E., Pool, S. (eds) Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9889-0_14

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