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Gene Expression in Yeasts During Wine Fermentation

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Yeasts in the Production of Wine

Abstract

The analysis of gene regulation and changes in transcript profiles for important model organisms in their natural environments provides critical insights into their biology and genome evolution. Such research allows the processes of adaptation to stressors present in changing environments to be delineated and the physiology of various non-proliferative states to be defined. In the context of the wine yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where there is extensive biodiversity among wild strains, changes in gene expression can be correlated with phenotypes that are important to survival and dominance in natural environments. Research in this area is leading to a comprehensive understanding of the changing physiology of yeast during the conversion of grape juice to wine. Transcript analysis is also being used to define the factors underlying complex phenotypes in wine yeast. These phenotypes are under the control of multiple independently segregating genes. Such analyses have underscored the central role that alterations in gene expression and regulation play in phenotypic expression and the development of novel phenotypes. The degree of plasticity or conservation of the regulation of metabolic pathways and cellular processes provides a basis for the elucidation of strain evolution and environmental selection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

    Linda F. Bisson

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  1. Linda F. Bisson
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Correspondence to Linda F. Bisson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Basilicata, School of Agriculture, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, Potenza, Italy

    Patrizia Romano

  2. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Maurizio Ciani

  3. Food Science and Technology, University of New South Wales School of Chemical Engineering, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Graham H. Fleet

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Bisson, L.F. (2019). Gene Expression in Yeasts During Wine Fermentation. In: Romano, P., Ciani, M., Fleet, G. (eds) Yeasts in the Production of Wine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9782-4_5

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