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Principles and Practice of Transplant Infectious Diseases pp 519–541Cite as

Invasive Fungal Disease in the Transplant Population: An Overview

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Abstract

There are numerous fungal pathogens which merit consideration in the hematopoietic cell and solid organ transplant recipients including yeasts, filamentous molds, and endemic fungi. Important differences in the incidence, types, and timeline of infections exist among the differing transplant groups. The overall risk of invasive fungal infection is affected by a multitude of factors including the transplant donor and recipient as well as transplant type. These considerations guide the implementation of prophylactic strategies and assist in targeting those at highest risk of fungal disease.

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Abbreviations

5-FC:

5-Flucytosine

5-FU:

5-Fluorouracil

ABD:

Amphotericin B deoxycholate

ABLC:

Amphotericin B lipid complex

AML:

Acute myelogenous leukemia

AST:

American Society of Transplantation

CI:

Cumulative incidence

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

CNI:

Calcineurin inhibitor

CNS:

Central nervous system

GVHD:

Graft-versus-host disease

HCT:

Hematopoietic cell transplant

IA:

Invasive aspergillosis

IC:

Invasive candidiasis

IDSA:

Infectious Diseases Society of America

IFI:

Invasive fungal infection

IRS:

Immune reconstitution syndrome

LAMB:

Liposomal amphotericin B

MDS:

Myelodysplastic syndrome

MMRD:

Mismatched-related donor

MRD:

Matched-related donor

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

MVT:

Multivisceral transplant

OHT:

Orthotopic heart transplant

OLT:

Orthotopic liver transplant

PATH:

Prospective antifungal therapy

SBT:

Small bowel transplant

SOT:

Solid organ transplant

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

TRANSNET:

Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network

URD:

Unrelated donor

UTI:

Urinary tract infection

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Durham, NC, USA

    Jennifer L. Saullo

  2. Duke University Medical Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Durham, NC, USA

    John R. Perfect & Barbara D. Alexander

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  1. Jennifer L. Saullo
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Correspondence to Jennifer L. Saullo .

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  1. Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX, USA

    Amar Safdar

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Saullo, J.L., Perfect, J.R., Alexander, B.D. (2019). Invasive Fungal Disease in the Transplant Population: An Overview. In: Safdar, A. (eds) Principles and Practice of Transplant Infectious Diseases. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9034-4_31

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