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HIV and SIV Evolution

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Book cover Global Virology II - HIV and NeuroAIDS

Abstract

HIV-1 and HIV-2 both cause AIDS in humans, and both originated in nonhuman primates in Africa before several cross-species transmission events introduced them into humans. Of more than seven such events, only one, creating the HIV-1 M group of viruses, resulted in the AIDS pandemic. Studying the evolution and epidemiology of the viruses has many uses beyond tracing their origins. Evolutionary analyses are critical for vaccine design, for identifying drug resistance mutations, for designing therapeutic drugs, and for many other purposes. This chapter provides a brief overview of the evolution of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Evolution is the result of a complex interplay between mutations, selection pressures in individual infected hosts, selection pressures across populations of hosts, and recombination between virus lineages.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA

    Brian T. Foley PhD

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Paul Shapshak

  2. Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Andrew J. Levine

  3. Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

    Brian T. Foley

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Charurut Somboonwit

  5. Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Elyse Singer

  6. Department of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Francesco Chiappelli

  7. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA

    John T. Sinnott

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Foley, B.T. (2017). HIV and SIV Evolution. In: Shapshak, P., et al. Global Virology II - HIV and NeuroAIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7290-6_5

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