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Global Issues in NeuroAIDS

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Global Virology II - HIV and NeuroAIDS

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Abstract

Neurological manifestations and sequelae of HIV infection are extensive. Direct neurological manifestations of disease, affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems, vary with progressive immune compromise and probably disease duration. Indirect or secondary neurological complications of HIV include infective, hematological, malignant, vascular, and immune-mediated processes, again with a variable prevalence at different stages of HIV disease and with independent host factors. Furthermore, the therapeutics for HIV, combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), are associated with a multitude of neurological ramifications. In addition to direct drug toxicity, there is an increasing prevalence of immune reconstitution syndromes (IRIS) in patients on treatment with adequate viral load suppression. NeuroIRIS may mimic both direct and indirect HIV-related neurological conditions. As the global burden of HIV continues to predominate in developing nations, neuroHIV and neuroAIDS issues in these settings vary from those seen in developed countries; however, the spectrum of disease remains unchanged. This chapter focuses on global issues related to neuroHIV and neuroAIDS as well as future challenges in this setting.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia

    Jennifer Massey & Bruce Brew

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  1. Jennifer Massey
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  2. Bruce Brew
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Correspondence to Jennifer Massey .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Paul Shapshak

  2. Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Andrew J. Levine

  3. Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

    Brian T. Foley

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Charurut Somboonwit

  5. Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Elyse Singer

  6. Department of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Francesco Chiappelli

  7. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA

    John T. Sinnott

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Massey, J., Brew, B. (2017). Global Issues in NeuroAIDS. In: Shapshak, P., et al. Global Virology II - HIV and NeuroAIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7290-6_2

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