Abstract
Forgiveness, acceptance and, in some cases, reconciliation are key to repairing relationships in both the context of family and community. This chapter expands on the discussion of forgiveness begun in Chaps. 13 and 14 with an examination of the concept of forgiveness in the psychological literature and various religions and extends the discussion to examine reconciliation and the reforging of relationships at the community level.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
AA World Services Inc. (2001). The story of how many thousands of men and women have recovered from alcoholism (4th ed.). New York: Alcoholics Anonymous Inc.
Abdoul-Rouf, H. (2010). Schools of Qur’anic exegesis: Genesis and development. New York: Routledge.
Abu-Nimer, M. (2001). Conflict resolution, culture, and religion: Toward a training model of interreligious peacebuilding. Journal of Peace Research, 38(6), 685–704.
Abu-Nimer, M. (2000/2001). A framework for nonviolence and peacebuilding in Islam. Journal of Law and Religion, 15(1/2), 217–265.
Abu-Nimer, M., & Nasser, I. (2013). Forgiveness in the Arab and Islamic contexts: Between theology and practice. Journal of Religious Ethics, 41(3), 474–494.
Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Auerbach, Y. (2005). Forgiveness and reconciliation: The religious dimension. Terrorism and Political Violence, 17(3), 469–485.
Benson, C. K. (1992). Forgiveness and the psychotherapeutic process. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 11(1), 76–81.
Bazemore, G., & Walgrave, L. (1999). Restorative juvenile justice: In search of fundamentals and an outline for systemic reform. In G. Bazemore & L. Walgrave (Eds.), Restorative juvenile justice: Repairing the harm of youth crime (pp. 45–74). New York: Criminal Justice Press.
Berry, J. W., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2001). Forgiveness, relationship quality, stress while imagining relationship events, and physical and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48, 447–455.
Blumenthal, D. R. (n.d.). Repentance and forgiveness. Crosscurrent. http://www.crosscurrents.org/blumenthal.htm. Accessed 29 October 2016.
Bowker, J. (Ed.). (1997). Oxford dictionary of world religions. New York: Oxford University Press.
Braithwaite, J. (1998). Restorative justice. In M. Tonry (Ed.), The handbook of crime and punishment (pp. 323–344). New York: Oxford University Press.
Braithwaite, J. (2002). Restorative justice and responsive regulation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Braithwaite, J. (1989). Crime, shame and reintegration. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Brazemore, G., & Maloney, D. (1994). Rehabilitating community service: Toward restorative service sanctions in a balanced justice system. Federal Probation, 55, 24–35.
Brookbanks, W. (2001). Therapeutic justice: Conceiving an ethical framework. Journal of Law & Medicine, 8, 328–341.
Brooks, S. L. (1999). Therapeutic jurisprudence and preventive law in child welfare proceedings: A family systems approach. Psychology, Public Policy, & Law, 5, 951–965.
Buddha Dharma Education Association, Inc. (1985). The Dhammapada: The Buddha’s path of wisdom. (A. Buddharakkhita trans.). Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society. http://www.buddha.net/pdf_file/scrndhamma.pdf. Accessed 29 October 2016.
Calian, C. S. (1981). Christian faith as forgiveness. Theology Today, 37(4), 439–443.
Calian, C. S. (1998). Survival or revival: Ten keys to church vitality. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press.
Care, N. (1996). Living with one’s past: Personal fates and moral pains. Boston: Rowman & Littlefield.
Clear, T. R. (1994). Harm in American penology: Offenders, victims, and their communities. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Cloke, K. (1993). Revenge, forgiveness, and the magic of mediation. Mediation Quarterly, 11, 67–78.
Coogan, M. D. (Ed.). (2007). The new Oxford annotated bible, augmented 3rd ed., New revised standard version (NRSV). New York: Oxford University Press.
Cox, H., Sharma, A., Abe, M., Sachedina, A. I., Oberoi, H., & Idel, M. (1994). World religions and conflict resolution. In D. Johnston & C. Sampson (Eds.), Religion: The missing dimension of statecraft (pp. 266–284). New York: Oxford University Press.
Cunningham, B. B. (1985). The will to forgive: A pastoral theological view of forgiving. Journal of Pastoral Care, 39, 141–149.
The Dalai Lama. (2011). Forward. In H. Whitney, Forgiveness: A time to love and a time to hate (pp. ix–x). Campbell, CA: FastPencil.
Davenport, D. S. (1991). The functions of anger and forgiveness: Guidelines for psychotherapy with victims. Psychotherapy, 28, 140–144.
DiBlasio, F. A., & Proctor, J. H. (1993). Therapists and clinical use of forgiveness. American Journal of Family Therapy, 21, 175–184.
Dillon, R. S. (2001). Self-forgiveness and self-respect. Ethics, 112(1), 53–83.
Dyke, C. J. V., & Elias, M. J. (2007). How forgiveness, purpose, and religiosity are related to the mental health and well being of youth: A review of the literature. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 10(4), 395–415.
Eckstein, D., Sperber, M., & McRae, S. (2009). Forgiveness: Another relationship “F” word—A couple’s dialogue. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 17(3), 256–262.
Enright, R., & Fitzgibbons, R. (2015). Forgiveness therapy. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Enright, R. D., Gassin, F. A., & Wu, C. (1992). Forgiveness: A developmental view. Journal of Moral Education, 21, 99–114.
Enright, R. D., & The Human Development Study Group. (1996). Counseling within the forgiveness triad: Forgiving, receiving forgiveness, and self-forgiveness. Counseling and Values, 40, 107–126.
Enright, R. D., Santos, M. J. D., & Al-Mabuk, R. (1989). The adolescent as forgiver. Journal of Adolescence, 12, 95–110.
Exline, J. J., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Hill, P., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Forgiveness and justice: A research agenda for social and personality psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 7, 337–348.
Farhadian, C., & Emmons, R. A. (2009). The psychology of forgiveness in world religion. In A. Kalayjian & R. F. Paloutzian (Eds.), Forgiveness and reconciliation: Psychological pathways to conflict transformation and peace building (pp. 55–70). New York: Springer Science+Business Media LLC.
Finkel, E. J., Rusbult, C. E., Kumashiro, M., & Hannon, P. A. (2002). Dealing with betrayal in close relationships: Does commitment promote forgiveness? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(6), 956–974.
Flueckiger, J. B. (2015). Everyday Hinduism. West Sussex, UK: Wiley Blackwell.
Frankel, E. (1998). Repentance, psychotherapy, and healing through a Jewish lens. American Behavioral Scientist, 41(6), 814–833.
Garten Ash, T. (1997). True confessions. New York Review of Books, July 17, 33–37.
Gopin, M. (2001). Forgiveness as an element of conflict resolution in religious cultures: Walking the tightrope of reconciliation and justice. In M. Abu-Nimer (Ed.), Reconciliation, coexistence, and justice in interethnic conflicts: Theory and practice (pp. 87–99). Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
Hamidi, F., Makwand, Z. A., & Hosseini, Z. M. (2010). Couple therapy: Forgiveness as an Islamic approach in counseling. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1525–1530.
Hargrave, T. D. (1994). Families and forgiveness: Healing wounds in the intergenerational family. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Holmgren, M. (1993). Forgiveness and the value of persons. American Philosophical Inquiry, 30, 349–352.
Holmgren, M. (1998). Self-forgiveness and responsible moral agency. Journal of Value Inquiry, 32, 75–91.
Hope, D. (1987). The healing paradox of forgiveness. Psychotherapy, 24, 240–244.
Husain, S. M. (1969). Effect of Tauba (repentance) on penalty in Islam. Islamic Studies, 8(3), 189–198.
Johansson, D. (2011). “Who can forgive sins but God alone?” Human and angelic agents, and divine forgiveness in early Judaism. Journal for the Study of the New Testament, 33(4), 351–374.
Kirkup, P. A. (1993). Some religious perspectives on forgiveness and settling differences. Mediation Quarterly, 11, 79–95.
Korzenik, E. F. (1994). Forgiveness in Judaism. The Living Pulpit, 3(2), 22.
Kress, K. (1999). Therapeutic jurisprudence and the resolution of value conflicts: What we can realistically expect, in practice, from theory. Behavioral Science & Law, 17, 555–588.
Kriesberg, L. (1998). Constructive conflicts. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Lawler, K. A., Younger, J. W., Piferi, R. L., Edmondson, K. A., & Jones, W. H. (2005). The unique effects of forgiveness on health: An exploration of pathways. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 28(2), 157–167.
Lewin, K. (1948). Conduct, knowledge, and acceptance of new values. In G. W. Lewin (Ed.), Resolving social conflicts: Selected papers on group dynamics (pp. 55–68). New York: Harper & Row.
Lewin, K., & Grabbe, P. (1945). Conduct, knowledge, and the acceptance of new values. Journal of Social Issues, 1(3), 53–64.
Loue, S. (2012). Parentally-mandated religious healing for children: A therapeutic jurisprudence approach. Journal of Law and Religion, 27(2), 397–422.
Maltby, J., Macaskill, A., & Day, L. (2001). Failure to forgive self and others: A replication and extension of the relationship between forgiveness, personality, social desirability and general health. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 881–885.
Marshall, T. F. (1996). The evolution of restorative justice in Britain. European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research, 4, 21–42.
Marty, M. E. (1998). The ethos of Christian forgiveness. In E.L. Worthington, Jr. (Ed.), Dimensions of forgiveness: Psychological research and theological forgiveness (pp. 9–28). Philadelphia: Templeton Foundation Press.
McCold, P. (2000). Toward a holistic vision of restorative juvenile justice: A reply to the maximalist mode. Contemporary Justice Review, 3, 357–414.
Mejia, M. P. (2007). Gender jihad: Muslim women, Islamic jurisprudence, and women’s rights. Kritikē, 1(1), 1–24.
Montefiore, C. G. (1904). Rabbinic conceptions of repentance. Jewish Quarterly Review, 16(2), 209–257.
Mullet, E., & Azar, F. (2009). Apologies, repentance, and forgiveness: A Muslim-Christian comparison. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 19, 275–285.
North, J. (1987). Wrongdoing and forgiveness. Philosophy, 61, 499–508.
Nwoye, A. (2009). Promoting forgiveness through restorative conferencing. In A. Kalayjian & R. F. Paloutzian (Eds.), Forgiveness and reconciliation: Psychological pathways to conflict transformation and peace building (pp. 121–137). New York: Springer Science+Busines Media LLC.
Oliner, S. P. (2005). Altruism, forgiveness, empathy, and intergroup apology. Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, 29(2), 8–39.
Peli, P. H. (1984). Soloveitchik on repentance: The thought and oral discourses of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik. New York: Paulist Press.
Philpott, D. (2007). What religion brings to the politics of transitional justice. Journal of International Affairs, 61(1), 93–110.
Pickthall, M. (1992). The meaning of the glorious Koran: An explanatory translation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Pingleton, J. P. (1989). The role and function of forgiveness in the psychotherapeutic process. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 17, 27–35.
Polster, E., & Polster, M. (1973). Gestalt therapy integrated. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Powell, R. (2011). Forgiveness in Islamic ethics and jurisprudence. Berkeley Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Law, 4(1), 17–34.
Rose, A. J., & Asher, S. R. (1999). Children’s goals and strategies in response to conflicts within a friendship. Developmental Psychology, 35, 69–79.
Rye, M. S., & McCabe, C. F. (2014). Religion and forgiveness of others. In C. Kim-Prieto (Ed.), Religion and spirituality across cultures (pp. 303–318). New York: Springer Science+Business Media LLC.
Rye, M. S., Pargament, K. I., Ali, M. A., Beck, C. L., Dorff, E. N., Hallisey, C., et al. (2000). Religious perspectives on forgiveness. In M. McCullough, K. Pargament, & C. Thoresen (Eds.), Frontiers of forgiveness (pp. 17–40). New York: Guilford.
Schma, W. G. (2003). Therapeutic jurisprudence. Michigan Bar Journal, 82, 25–27.
Sells, J. N., & Hargrave, T. D. (1998). Forgiveness: A review of the theoretical and empirical literature. Journal of Family Therapy, 20, 21–36.
Silk, J. A. (n.d.). Bodhisattva. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://britannica.com/topic/bodhisattva. Accessed 29 October 2016.
Slobogan, C. (1995). Therapeutic jurisprudence: Five dilemmas to ponder. Psychology, Public Policy, & Law, 1, 193–219.
Smith, H. (1991). The world’s religions. New York: HarperSanFrancisco.
Strassfeld, S., & Strassfeld, M. (Eds.). (1976). The second Jewish catalog. New York: Jewish Publication Society of America.
Thoresen, C. E., Harris, A. H. S., & Luskin, F. (2000). Forgiveness and health: An unanswered question. In M. E. McCullough, K. I. Pargament, & C. E. Thoresen (Eds.), Forgiveness: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 254–280). New York: Guilford Press.
Torrance, A. (1986). Forgiveness: The essential socio-political structure of personal being. Journal of Theology for Southern Africa, 56, 47–59.
United States Agency for International Development. (n.d.). Mobilizing Muslim religious leaders for reproductive health and family planning at the community level: A training manual. Washington, D.C.: Author.
Walgrave, L. (2000). How pure can a maximalist approach to restorative justice remain? Or can a purist model of restorative justice become maximalist? Contemporary Justice Review, 3, 415–432.
Watkins, J. (2015). Unilateral forgiveness and the taste of reconciliation. Res Publica, 21, 19–42.
Wenzel, M., Okimoto, T. G., Feather, N. T., & Platow, M. J. (2008). Retributive and restorative justice. Law and Human Behavior, 32(5), 375–389.
Wexler, D. (2000). Therapeutic jurisprudence: An overview. Thomas M. Cooley Law Review, 17, 125–134.
Wexler, D. B. (1996). Therapeutic jurisprudence and changing conceptions of legal scholarship. In D. B. Wexler & B. J. Winick (Eds.), Law in a therapeutic key: Developments in therapeutic jurisprudence (pp. 597–610). Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press.
Wexler, D. B. (1990). Therapeutic jurisprudence: The law as a therapeutic agent. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press.
Wiesenthal, S. (1998). The sunflower. New York: Schocken Books.
Wilkinson, P. (2008). Religions. New York: DK Publishing.
Worthington, E., Mazzeo, S., & Kliewer, W. (2002). Addictive and eating disorders, unforgiveness, and forgiveness. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 21, 257–261.
Worthington, E. L., Jr., Van Oyen Witvliet, C., Pietrini, P., & Miller, A. J. (2007). Forgiveness, health, and well-being: A review of evidence for emotional versus decisional forgiveness, dispositional forgivingness, and reduced unforgiveness. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 30, 291–302.
Zehr, H. (1990). Changing lenses: Restorative justice for our times. Harrisonburg, VA: Herald Press.
Zehr, H. (2002). The little book of restorative justice. Intercourse, PA: Good Book.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Loue, S. (2017). (Re)Building Bridges in and with Family and Community. In: Handbook of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work Practice and Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7039-1_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7039-1_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7038-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7039-1
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)