Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Non-pharmacological Interventions to Manage Depression and Anxiety Associated with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Others

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Abstract

Chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, are not only characterized by physical burden and disability, but may also involve significant changes or challenges in daily activities, social relationships, self-perception and emotional functioning. The physical symptoms that are persistent in nature and the degenerative trajectories of disease contribute to psychological responses that impact the patients’ quality of life. Some patients seem to adapt well to living with a chronic respiratory disease, while others respond with anxiety or depression. Although a high prevalence of anxiety and depression in chronic respiratory diseases and their subsequent impact on physical health outcomes have been documented, the psychological comorbidities often go untreated or inadequately treated. Relatively, few studies have examined how these comorbid conditions should preferentially be treated, and thus, it is not surprising that there has been little attention to the management of mental health problems in clinical guidelines for treating chronic respiratory diseases. While any strategies that can relieve symptoms of anxiety and depression will ultimately be of benefit to patients, lately there has been a growing interest in the non-pharmacological interventions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kelly C, Lynes D. Psychological effects of chronic lung disease. Nursing Times. 2008;104:82–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Katon WJ, Richardson L, Lozano P, McCauley E. The relationship of asthma and anxiety disorders. Psychosom Med. 2004;66:349–55.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Xu W, Collet J-P, Shapiro S, Lin Y, Yang T, Platt RW, et al. Independent effect of depression and anxiety on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and hospitalizations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178:913–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Maurer J, Rebbapragada V, Borson S, Goldstein R, Kunik M, Yohannes A, et al. Anxiety and depression in COPD. Chest. 2008;134:43S–56S.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Kunik M, Roundy K, Veazey C, Souchek J, Wray N, Stanley M. Surprisingly high prevalence of anxiety and depression in chronic breathing disorders. Chest. 2005;127:1205–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Pommer AM, Pouwer F, Denollet J, Pop VJM. Managing co-morbid depression and anxiety in primary care patients with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2012;13:6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Cafarella PA, Effing TW, Usmani Z-A, Frith PA. Treatments for anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a literature review. Respirology. 2012;17:627–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lolak A, Lolak S. Psychiatric aspects of chronic lung disease. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2009;11:219–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Markowitz JC, Weissman MM. Interpersonal psychotherapy: principles and applications. World Psychiatry. 2004;3:136–9.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Winston A, Rosenthal RN, Pinsker H. Introduction to supportive psychotherapy. Wasington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Krause M. The transformation of social representations of chronic disease in a self-help group. J Health Psychol. 2003;8:599–615.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Coventry PA, Gellatly JL. Improving outcomes for COPD patients with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression: a systematic review of cognitive behavioural therapy. Br J Health Psychol. 2008;13:381–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Fritzsche A, Clamor A, von Leupoldt A. Effects of medical and psychological treatment of depression in patients with COPD—a review. Respir Med. 2011;105:1422–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yorke J, Fleming SL, Shuldham CM. Psychological interventions for adults with asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;1.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Coventry P, Hind D. Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation for anxiety and depression in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res. 2007;63:551–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Coventry P. Does pulmonary rehabilitation reduce anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2009;15:143–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Yohannes AM, Willgoss TG, Baldwin RC, Connolly MJ. Depression and anxiety in chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prevalence, relevance, clinical implications and management principles. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2010;25:1209–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Emery C, Green M, Suh S. Neuropsychiatric function in chronic lung disease: the role of pulmonary rehabilitation. Respir Care. 2008;53:1208–16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. de Godoy D, de Godoy R, Becker Junior B, Vaccari P, Michelli M, Zimermann Teixeira P, et al. The effect of psychotherapy provided as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program for the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Brasilian Pneumol. 2005;31:499–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lolak S, Connors GL, Sheridan MJ, Wise TN. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation training on anxiety and depression in patients enrolled in an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. Psychother Psychosom. 2008;77:119–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Alexopoulos G, Sirey J, Raue P, Kanellopoulos D, Clark T, Novitch R. Outcomes of depressed patients undergoing inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Geriatric Psychiatry. 2006;14:466–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Harrison S, Greening N, Williams J, Morgan M, Steiner M, Singh S. Have we underestimated the efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in improving mood? Respir Med. 2012;106:838–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Scharloo M, Kaptein A, Schlösser M, Pouwels H, Bel E, Rabe K, et al. Illness perceptions and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Asthma. 2007;44:575–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Rubak S, Sandboek A, Lauritzen T, Christensen B. Motivational interviewing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Gen Pract. 2005;55:305–12.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. DeRubeis RJ, Brotman MA, Gibbons CJ. A conceptual and methodological analysis of the nonspecifics argument. Clin Psychol: Sci Pract. 2005;12:174–83.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hollon S, Stewart M, Strunk D. Enduring effects for cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Ann Rev Psychol. 2006;57:285–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Butler A, Chapman J, Forman E, Beck A. The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: a review of meta-analyses. Clin Psychol Rev. 2006;26:17–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Bieling P, McCabe R, Antony M. Cognitive-behavioral therapy in groups. New York: Guilford Press; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  29. McGinn L. Cognitive behavioral therapy of depression: theory, treatment, and empirical status. Am J Psychother. 2000;54:257–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lewinsohn P, Sullivan J, Grosscup S. Changing reinforcing events: an approach to the treatment of depression. Psychother: Theory, Res, and Pract. 1980;47:322–34.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Beck A, Emery G, Greenberg R. Anxiety disorders and phobias: a cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books; 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  32. McNally R. Mechanisms of exposure therapy: how neuroscience can improve psychological treatments for anxiety. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007;27:750–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Clark D, Beck A. Cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders: science and practice. New York: Guilford Press; 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Livermore N, Sharpe L, McKenzie D. Panic attacks and panic disorder in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cognitive behavioral perspective. Respir Med. 2010;104:1246–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Rose C, Wallace L, Dickson R, Ayres J, Lehman R, Searle Y, et al. The most effective psychologically-based treatments to reduce anxiety and panic in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review. Patient Educ Couns. 2002;47:311–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Burgess A, Kunik ME, Stanley MA. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: assessing and treating psychological issues in patients with COPD. Geriatrics. 2005;60:18–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Gurney-Smith B, Cooper MJ, Wallace LM. Anxiety and panic in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the role of catastrophic thoughts. Cogn Ther Res. 2002;26:143–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Carr RE, Lehrer PM, Rausch LL, Hochron SM. Anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in an asthmatic population. Behav Res Ther. 1994;32:411–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Porzelius J, Vest M, Nochomovitz M. Respiratory function, cognitions, and panic in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients. Behav Res Ther. 1992;30:75–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Vogele C, Leupoldt A. Mental disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med. 2008;102:764–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Livermore N, Butler JE, Sharpe L, McBain RA, Gandevia SC, McKenzie DK. Panic attacks and perception of inspiratory resistive loads in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178:7–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Bouton ME, Mineka S, Barlow DH. A modern learning theory perspective on the etiology of panic disorder. Psychol Rev. 2001;108:4–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Willgoss T, Yohannes A, Goldbart J, Fatoye F. COPD and anxiety: its impact on patients’ lives. Nursing Times. 2011;107:16–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Newman M, Borkovec T. Cognitive-behavioral treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Clin Psychol. 1995;48:5–7.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Thayer J, Friedman B, Borkovec T. Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;39:255–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Kara M, Mirici A. Loneliness, depression, and social support of Turkish patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their spouses. J Nursing Scolarship. 2004;36:331–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Andenæs R, Kalfoss M, Wahl A. Coping and psychological distress in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heart Lung. 2006;35:46–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Hynninen MJ, Pallesen Sl, Hardie J, Eagan TML, Bjorvatn Br, Bakke P, et al. Insomnia symptoms, objectively measured sleep, and disease severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease outpatients. Sleep Med. 2013;14:1328–33.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Heslop K, De Soyza A, Baker C, Stenton C, Burns G. Using individualised cognitive behavioural therapy as a treatment for people with COPD. Nursing Times. 2009;105:14–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Nordhus IH, Hynninen MJ. Treating late-life anxiety in chronic medical illness and cognitive impairment. In: Pachana N, Laidlaw K, Knight B, editors. Casebook of clinical geropsychology: international perspectives on practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Stanley MA, Veazey C, Hopko D, Diefenbach G, Kunik M. Anxiety and depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a new intervention and case report. Cogn Behav Pract. 2005;12:424–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Salkovskis PM. The importance of behaviour in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: a cognitive account. Behav Psychother. 1991;19:6–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Wells A. Cognitive therapy for anxiety disorders: a practice manual and conceptual guide. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Routledge; 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Livermore N, Sharpe L, McKenzie D. Cognitive behaviour therapy for panic disorder in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: two case studies. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2008;36:625–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Deshmukh VM, Toelle BG, Usherwood T, O’Grady B, Jenkins CR. Anxiety, panic and adult asthma: a cognitive-behavioral perspective. Respir Med. 2007;101:194–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Hynninen MJ, Bjerke N, Pallesen S, Bakke PS, Nordhus IH. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in COPD. Respir Med. 2010;104:986–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Yorke J, Fleming SL, Shuldham C. Psychological interventions for adults with asthma: a systematic review. Respir Med. 2007;101:1–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Lamers F, Jonkers CCM, Bosma H, Chavannes NH, Knottnerus JA, van Eijk JT. Improving quality of life in depressed COPD patients: effectiveness of a minimal psychological intervention. COPD: J Chronic Obstructive Pulm Dis. 2010;7:315–22.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Livermore N, Sharpe L, McKenzie D. Prevention of panic attacks and panic disorder in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2010;35:557–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Parry GD, Cooper CL, Moore JM, Yadegarfar G, Campbell MJ, Esmonde L, et al. Cognitive behavioural intervention for adults with anxiety complications of asthma: prospective randomised trial. Respir Med. 2012;106:802–10.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Adams S, Simpson T, Allan P, Lee S, Vipraio G, Smith P, et al. Cognitive behavioral group therapy improves quality of life more than general health education for anxiety in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest. 2006;130:180S-a-.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Kunik ME, Veazey C, Cully JA, Souchek J, Graham DP, Hopko D, et al. COPD education and cognitive behavioral therapy group treatment for clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety in COPD patients: a randomized controlled trial. Psychol Med. 2008;38:385–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Reiner K, Tibi L, Lipsitz JD. Do mindfulness-based interventions reduce pain intensity? A critical review of the literature. Pain Med. 2013;14:230–42.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Cramer H, Lauche R, Paul A, Dobos G. Mindfulness-based stress reduction for breast cancer—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Oncol. 2012;19:343–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Fjorback LO, Arendt M, Ørnbøl E, Fink P, Walach H. Mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy—a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011;124:102–19.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Lynch TR, Bronner LL. Mindfulness and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT): application with depressed older adults with personality disorders. Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: clinician’s guide to evidence base and applications. San Diego, CA, US: Elsevier Academic Press; 2006. p. 217–36.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Keating A, Lee A, Holland AE. What prevents people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from attending pulmonary rehabilitation? Syst Rev Chronic Respir Dis. 2011;8:89–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Alexopoulos GS, Raue PJ, Sirey JA, Arean PA. Developing an intervention for depressed, chronically medically ill elders: a model from COPD. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008;23:447–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Sirey JA, Raue PJ, Alexopoulos GS. An intervention to improve depression care in older adults with COPD. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007;22:154–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  70. Unützer J, Katon W, Callahan CM, et al. Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288:2836–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NKS Olaviken, Hospital for Old Age Psychiatry, Erdal, Norway

    Minna J. Hynninen PhD

  2. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Minna J. Hynninen PhD

  3. Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Inger Hilde Nordhus PhD

  4. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Inger Hilde Nordhus PhD

Authors
  1. Minna J. Hynninen PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Inger Hilde Nordhus PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Minna J. Hynninen PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Staff Physician, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Amir Sharafkhaneh

  2. Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Abebaw Mengistu Yohannes

  3. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

    Nicola A. Hanania

  4. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

    Mark E. Kunik

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hynninen, M.J., Nordhus, I.H. (2017). Non-pharmacological Interventions to Manage Depression and Anxiety Associated with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Others. In: Sharafkhaneh, A., Yohannes, A., Hanania, N., Kunik, M. (eds) Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7009-4_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7009-4_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7007-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7009-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation