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Management of RLS During Pregnancy

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Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease

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Abstract

Few years before that the term “restless legs syndrome” (RLS) was coined by the Swedish neurologist Ekbom in 1945 (Ekbom in Acta Med Scand 158:4–122, 1945 [1]), two German physicians named Mussio-Fournier and Rawak (Mussio-Fournier and Rawak in Conf Neurol 3:110–14, 1940 [2]) recognized a strange set of symptoms characterized by “pruritus, urtikaria and parästhetischer” of the lower limbs in three members of the same family. A women belonging to the family presented a typical exacerbation of symptoms during pregnancy. This was probably the first description of a temporal transient association between RLS and pregnancy. Few years later, Karl Axel Ekbom himself confirmed that RLS was particularly frequent during pregnancy, founding a prevalence of 11.3% in a sample of 486 pregnant women (Ekbom in Acta Med Scand 158:4–122, 1945 [1]). Afterward, Jolivet in 1953 addressed this topic in his medical dissertation; investigating 100 pregnant women he relived the syndrome in 27 of them (Jolivet in Impatiences. Paris, 1953 [3]). The son of Ekbom replicated his father’s study on 202 pregnant women (1960), diagnosing RLS in 12% of them (Ekbom in Neurology 10:868–73, 1960 [4]). The first structured survey was published in the British Medical journal in 1988 by Goodman et al., herein in 19% of 500 pregnant women was ascertained an RLS phenotype (Goodman et al in BMJ 297:1101–2, 1988 [5]). We have to wait until 2004 for the first epidemiological study performed by using the standard diagnostic criteria for RLS (1995), herein Manconi et al. interviewed 606 women at the time of delivery, 26% of them reported to have suffered of RLS in some periods in their pregnancy.

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  1. Sleep and Epilepsy Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital, Lugano, Switzerland

    Mauro Manconi

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  1. Sleep and Epilepsy Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital, Lugano, Switzerland

    Mauro Manconi

  2. Sleep Research Institute, Madrid, Spain

    Diego García-Borreguero

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Manconi, M. (2017). Management of RLS During Pregnancy. In: Manconi, M., García-Borreguero, D. (eds) Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6777-3_18

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